Which of the following is a clause?

• After serveral meetings about the situation.

• Although she cannot be there on Monday.

• In addition to his academic record.

• The next speaker on the agenda.

Makoto, a high school ELL, was in the school hallway speaking to his peers using a informal register with a good deal of slang. When Ms. Richards, his math teacher, approached him while he was with his friends, Makoto immediately spoke to her in a highly formal register. This is an example of

• back-channeling

• convergence

• self-repair

• feedback

Which of the following activities most effectively uses technology to provide writing practice in English in an Intermediate ESL classroom?

• Having students correspond by e-mail with a pen pal whose native language is English

• Having students use a computer to copy English sentences from a textbook

• Having students use a software program that displays direct translations from ELLs' native language

• Having students write basic directions in English for using a computer program.

In daily lessons, Ms. Peterson, an ESL teacher, uses vocabulary words and sentence structures that her students have seen before. Additionally, she incorporates words and structures that they have not yet studied. Ms. Peterson is using the concept of

• comprehensible input

• natural order

• positive transfer

• self-monitoring

Listen Section.... For the following questions, listen to a student describe a bicycle

Um... it's really helpful if you have lights on the front and the back, and um you have a uh I don't know maubrio, uh, the thing in front of the bicycle that you handle and where do you have them uh the things to stop, uh when you need it. The student's explanation of manubrio is an example of

• instrumental motivation

• a communication strategy

• an idiomatic expression

• a dialectal difference

Listen Section.... For the following questions, listen to a student describe a bicycle

Um... it's really helpful if you have lights on the front and the back, and um you have a uh I don't know maubrio, uh, the thing in front of the bicycle that you handle and where do you have them uh the things to stop, uh when you need it. The passage contains an example of which of the following language features?

• code-switching

• hypercorrection

• language loss

• extralinguistic context

A middle school beginning ESL classroom is receiving a number of ELLs, some of whom have interrupted formal education in their L1. Which of the following would be MOST useful to the students in their first lessons?

• asking students to read aloud

• assigning additional homework

• introducing commnly used vocabulary

• forcusing on English grammar rules

In the first half of the twentieth century, many school districts in the United States sought to Americanize ELLs and made no special accommodations for their linguistic and cultural differences. This practice reflects a policy of

• assimilation

• acculturation

• accommodation

• encapsulation

Ms. Lee uses a fill-in-the blank grammar test to assess her ELLs' knowledge of verb tenses. Which of the following terms best describe this type of testing?

• objective

• portfolio

• subjective

• holistic

For the questions 10-13 refer to the following four writing assignments taken from the files of an ESL teacher.

Which assignment presents discrete practice in forming compound and complex sentences?

• rearrange the following sentences to create a logically sequenced composition

• write a paragraph in which you explain how to make an omelet. Include the following words; eggs, milk, mix, beat , frying pan, first, then, finally

• study this photograph of a sports car. together with a classmate discuss the advantages and disadvantages of owning such a car. then write a list of the points you would include in an advertisement to encourage people to by the car

• combine the following pairs of sentences using "and," "so" of "because"