Luck Favors the Prepared State Test Practice

Underline one sentence from the excerpt below that best supports the idea that the discovery of X-rays helped improve people’s health.

• X-rays allowed doctors to see inside the human body without surgery.

• X-rays were discovered by accident during an experiment.

• The discovery of X-rays led to the development of new medical equipment.

• X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation.

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CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RI.6.1

CCSS.RL.6.1

Which statement best reflects Alexander Fleming’s initial understanding of penicillin?

• He hoped that penicillin would cure certain diseases.

• He was unaware that penicillin would have any effect.

• He was sure penicillin would be a helpful medicine.

• He knew penicillin was deadly to some bacteria.

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CCSS.RI.6.6

Which piece of evidence from “Luck Favors the Prepared” best supports the answer to Part A?

• “. . . one of the most famous stories of accidental discovery.” (paragraph 3)

• “. . . Alexander Fleming was trying to find ways to cure diseases and infections.” (paragraph 3)

• “One day he noticed a type of mold, called penicillin, growing on the plate.” (paragraph 4)

• “. . . the mold could be used as an antibiotic. . . .” (paragraph 4)

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CCSS.RI.6.1

CCSS.RL.6.1

The author believes that Charles Goodyear was a dedicated scientist who kept improving on his work. Select two sentences from the article that best support this statement.

• Another scientist who made an accidental discovery was Charles Goodyear.

• He tried to change the rubber in countless ways, but each attempt disappointed him.

• Goodyear even patented one method of changing the rubber, but he was still unhappy with the results.

• One day, Goodyear spilled a mixture containing natural rubber onto a hot stove.

• Goodyear patented a process for making vulcanized rubber in 1844 and then sold his product to manufacturers.

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CCSS.RI.6.1

CCSS.W.6.9A

Select two statements that best summarize the article.

• Sticky notes, microwaves, and artificial sweeteners all have something in common. Each of these useful things was discovered by accident. The same is true of several other discoveries, including penicillin, X-rays, and vulcanized rubber.

• Many important scientific discoveries, including those of penicillin, X-rays, and vulcanized rubber, have been made accidentally. The scientists making these discoveries had the experience to see how their findings could be useful.

• Alexander Fleming may have made the most important accidental discovery of all time. While working in his lab, he noticed a bread mold that killed bacteria. This led to the invention of penicillin, a life-saving antibiotic.

• When a good scientist discovers something by accident, the discovery involves more than just luck. Many useful products were discovered by scientists who knew how to turn a mistake into something good. Their “lucky accidents” had more to do with hard work than good luck.

• Many scientific discoveries were made by accident, but it is not a coincidence that they were made by experienced scientists qualified to recognize their importance. Some of these discoveries remain significant. For example, penicillin and X-rays save lives and vulcanized rubber is used for many products.

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CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RI.6.1

A central idea of "Luck Favors the Prepared" is that some important discoveries are not well understood at first. Which of the following details supports this idea?

• Penicillin is still used in modern times to save lives.

• Fleming used plates called petri dishes to grow bacteria.

• Röntgen tested whether X-rays could pass through objects.

• Artificial sweetener was based on a kind of coal tar.

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CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RI.6.1

CCSS.RL.6.1

Vulcanized rubber continues to be an important part of modern products. How does the author illustrate this idea in the passage?

• She lists examples of different uses for vulcanized rubber.

• She tells the story of the invention of vulcanized rubber.

• She compares vulcanized rubber with natural rubber.

• She notes the year in which vulcanized rubber was patented.

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CCSS.RI.6.3

How does the author use anecdotes to illustrate key ideas of the passage?

• By providing statistical data

• By sharing historical stories

• By quoting famous personalities

• By using technical jargon

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CCSS.RI.6.3

The table pictured provides four sentences based on the passage. Tell whether the sentence states a central idea, a supporting detail, or an example used to make a point.

Röntegen was performing experiments by passing an electric current through gas.

• Central idea

• Supporting detail

• Example used to make a point

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CCSS.RI.6.2

The table pictured provides four sentences based on the passage. Tell whether the sentence states a central idea, a supporting detail, or an example used to make a point.

Röntegen's image of his wife's hand showed that X-rays do not pass through bone.

• Central idea

• Supporting detail

• Example used to make a point

Tags

CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RL.6.2