Understanding Protein Synthesis Processes

Which of the following best describes the process of transcription in protein synthesis?

• The conversion of mRNA into a protein sequence.

• The synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template.

• The assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain.

• The replication of DNA strands.

What is the role of mRNA in the process of translation?

• It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• It provides the template for assembling a protein.

• It forms the structure of the ribosome.

• It unwinds the DNA double helix.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the function of tRNA during translation?

• tRNA synthesizes mRNA from a DNA template.

• tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA message.

• tRNA forms the structural components of ribosomes.

• tRNA unwinds the DNA double helix.

In the context of protein synthesis, what is the significance of the anticodon region of tRNA?

• It binds to the ribosome to initiate translation.

• It pairs with the complementary codon on mRNA.

• It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.

• It signals the end of transcription.

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of genetic information in cells?

What is the significance of the start codon in mRNA during translation?

• It signals the end of protein synthesis.

• It marks the beginning of the mRNA strand.

• It indicates where translation should begin.

• It codes for the termination of transcription.

How does the structure of mRNA differ from that of DNA?

• mRNA is double-stranded, while DNA is single-stranded.

• mRNA contains uracil instead of thymine.

• mRNA has deoxyribose sugar, while DNA has ribose sugar.

• mRNA is composed of amino acids, while DNA is composed of nucleotides.

Which of the following processes occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells?

• Translation

• Transcription

• Protein folding

• Amino acid activation

Complete the mRNA strand:

a

b

e

d

U

C

G

A

T

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The first step of protein synthesis is

(a)   .

• transcription
• replication
• mitosis
• translation