Acid-Base Disturbances and Nursing Process

A 54-year-old patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and was rushed to the emergency department with increasing shortness of breath, pyrexia, and a productive cough. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.25, high blood CO2 (68 mm Hg). How would you interpret this?

• Respiratory acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Metabolic Alkalosis

Patient admit to the emergency room with extreme anxiety and overventilation. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.55, low blood CO2 (34 mm Hg). How would you interpret this?

• Respiratory acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Metabolic Alkalosis

Patient admitted to the emergency room due to over ingestion of salicylate. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.25, low blood bicarbonate (17 mEq/L). How would you interpret this?

• Respiratory acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Metabolic Alkalosis

A patient in the medical ward ingested high dose of antacids. What acid base disturbance you expect for this patient?

• Respiratory acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Metabolic Alkalosis

The doctor writes an order a liquid oral medication. The order says to administer 20 grams by mouth BID. Pharmacy dispenses you with 10 gram/15 ml. How many ml will you administer per dose?

• 10 ml

• 20 ml

• 30 ml

• 15 ml

The doctor writes an order for a medication. The order says to administer 12.5 mg PO BID. Pharmacy dispenses you with 6.25 mg tablets. How many tablets do you administer with this dose?

• 1.5 tablets

• 2 tablets

• 3 tablets

• 2.5 tablets

The doctor writes an order for a medication. The order says to administer 0.1 gram by mouth daily. Pharmacy dispenses you with 100 mg per tablet. How many tablets will you administer per dose?

• 1 tablets

• 0.1 tablets

• 0.3 tablets

• 2.5 tablets

Which of the following is a cause of fluid volume deficit?

• Liver failure

• Kidney failure

• Movement of fluid to third space

• Excessive Sodium intake

In which of the following serum (plasma) Sodium increase?

• Fluid volume excess

• Fluid volume decrease

• Dehydration

• Bleeding

Which of the following is a cause of volume excess?

• Heart failure

• Bleeding

• Decrease Sodium intake

• Movement of fluid to third space