Quiz on Conditioning and Learning

Who first described classical conditioning?

• B.F. Skinner

• Wolfgang Kohler

• Ivan Pavlov

• Edward Thorndike

What is the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in Pavlov's experiment?

• The sight of the lab tech

• The meat powder

• The dog's salivation

• The sound of a bell

What does the conditioned response (CR) refer to?

• A response that is involuntary

• A reflexive response to an unconditioned stimulus

• A learned response to a conditioned stimulus

• A response that occurs automatically

What is extinction in classical conditioning?

• The process of acquiring a new response

• The gradual decrease of a conditioned response

• The association of two stimuli

• The reappearance of a conditioned response

What is stimulus generalization?

• Responding only to the conditioned stimulus

• The tendency to respond similarly to similar stimuli

• The process of learning through observation

• The removal of an unpleasant stimulus

What is the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?

• Operant conditioning is based on associations

• Classical conditioning is based on reflexes

• Operant conditioning involves involuntary responses

• Classical conditioning involves voluntary responses

What is positive reinforcement?

• Removing an unpleasant stimulus

• Ignoring a behavior

• Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase behavior

• Punishing undesirable behavior

What does negative punishment involve?

• Providing a reward for good behavior

• Removing a desirable stimulus

• Ignoring the behavior

• Adding an unpleasant consequence

What is cognitive learning?

• Learning through reinforcement

• Learning through direct experience

• Learning through observation

• Changes in mental processes rather than behavior

What is latent learning?

• Learning through trial and error

• Learning that is immediately apparent

• Learning that requires direct instruction

• Learning that occurs without reinforcement