Infection and Micro-organisms Quiz

How can micro-organisms be passed on?

• Through solid objects

• Via bodily fluids such as saliva and mucus

• Through sound waves

• Via electromagnetic fields

Answer explanation

Micro-organisms can be transmitted through bodily fluids like saliva and mucus, which can carry pathogens. Other options like solid objects, sound waves, and electromagnetic fields do not facilitate the transfer of micro-organisms.

What can poor hand hygiene lead to in the case of COVID-19?

• Improved health

• Reduced virus spread

• Perfect conditions for virus spread

• No effect on virus spread

Answer explanation

Poor hand hygiene can lead to the transfer of the COVID-19 virus from surfaces to hands, creating perfect conditions for virus spread. This increases the risk of infection for individuals and communities.

What happens to body tissues when an infection occurs?

• They become stronger

• They are damaged

• They remain unchanged

• They regenerate faster

Answer explanation

When an infection occurs, body tissues are often damaged due to the inflammatory response and the action of pathogens. This damage can lead to symptoms like pain and swelling, making 'They are damaged' the correct choice.

What is the effect of using contaminated tools on infection control?

• Reduces infection risk

• Spreads infections

• Improves hygiene

• Has no effect

Which of the following is a direct route of transmission?

• Airborne transmission

• Person-to-person contact

• Contaminated water

• Fomites

Which stage involves the way the pathogen enters a new host?

• Portal of exit

• Reservoir

• Portal of entry

• Infectious agent

What is a suitable/susceptible host in the chain of infection?

• The pathogen causing the disease

• Individual at risk of infection

• Environment where the pathogen survives

• Way the pathogen leaves the reservoir

Answer explanation

A suitable/susceptible host is an individual at risk of infection, as they can become infected by the pathogen. The other options refer to the pathogen itself, its environment, or its exit route, not the host.

Which link in the chain of infection is the entry point for the pathogen into the new host?

• Portal of Entry

• Mode of Transmission

• Reservoir

• Portal of Exit

Answer explanation

The 'Portal of Entry' is the specific site where a pathogen enters a new host, making it the crucial link in the chain of infection. Other options refer to different aspects of infection transmission.

What is the role of the portal of exit in the chain of infection?

• It is the entry point for the pathogen

• It is the exit point for the pathogen from the host

• It is where the pathogen multiplies

• It is where the pathogen is destroyed

Answer explanation

The portal of exit is crucial as it is the exit point for the pathogen from the host, allowing the infection to spread to new hosts. This distinguishes it from entry points or locations of multiplication or destruction.

What kind of illnesses can coronaviruses cause in humans?

• Only mild illnesses

• Only severe illnesses

• Both mild and severe illnesses

• Only skin infections