Unit 3 lesson 1 Kepler's Laws

Who was responsible for collecting the precise astronomical data that Johannes Kepler later used to formulate his laws of planetary motion?

• Galileo Galilei

• Tycho Brahe

• Isaac Newton

• Nicolaus Copernicus

Which of the following best describes an ellipse?

• A circle with a single focal point

• A shape with two focal points where the sum of the distances to the focal points is constant

• A shape with three focal points

• A shape with no focal points

What is the first of Kepler's three laws of planetary motion?

• Planets move in circular orbits with the Sun at the center

• Planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus

• The square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis

• Planets move faster when they are closer to the Sun

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Kepler's second law of planetary motion is often referred to as the law of:

• Equal areas

• Equal distances

• Equal times

• Equal speeds

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

According to Kepler's third law, the square of the orbital period of a planet is proportional to:

• The square of the semi-major axis

• The cube of the semi-major axis

• The square of the semi-minor axis

• The cube of the semi-minor axis

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

Which of the following terms is related to the shape of an ellipse?

• Radius

• Diameter

• Eccentricity

• Circumference

What did Tycho Brahe contribute to astronomy?

• He invented the telescope

• He developed the heliocentric model

• He provided accurate and comprehensive astronomical observations

• He formulated the laws of motion

Which of the following statements is true about the orbits of planets in our solar system?

• All planets have perfectly circular orbits

• All planets have elliptical orbits with varying eccentricities

• All planets have parabolic orbits

• All planets have hyperbolic orbits

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

What is the significance of the semi-major axis in an elliptical orbit?

• It is the shortest distance across the ellipse

• It is the longest distance across the ellipse

• It is the average distance from the center to the edge of the ellipse

• It is the distance from one focus to the center of the ellipse

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

Which of the following best describes Kepler's second law of planetary motion?

• A planet's orbit is a perfect circle

• A line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time

• The speed of a planet is constant throughout its orbit

• The distance between a planet and the Sun is constant