Chapter 5 - Weathering, Erosion, and Sedimentary Rocks

The main agent involved in creating the minerals in chemical sedimentary rock is (a)  

• Ice
• Gravity
• Wind
• Water

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Which property of water allows it to stick to other substances?

• Density

• Solubility

• Adhesion

• Cohesion

What is the process called when water freezes and expands in rock cracks?

• Frost wedging

• Salt expansion

• Root wedging

• Pressure expansion

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which type of weathering involves the chemical breakdown of minerals?

• Biological weathering

• Mechanical weathering

• Physical weathering

• Chemical weathering

What is the term for the process that turns loose sediment into solid rock?

• Erosion

• Lithification

• Weathering

• Deposition

Match the following sedimentary rocks with their primary composition.

• Primarily composed of calcite

• Conglomerate

• Primarily composed of rounded gravel-sized clasts

• Sandstone

• Primarily composed of sand-sized mineral particles

• Limestone

• Primarily composed of clay-sized particles

• Shale

What is the main component of soil that provides nutrients for plants?

• Clay

• Sand

• Silt

• Humus

Which sedimentary structure is formed by the back-and-forth motion of water?

• Graded bedding

• Symmetrical ripples

• Asymmetrical ripples

• Cross bedding

Match the following geological terms with their definitions.

• The disturbance of sedimentary deposits by living organisms.

• Bioturbation

• The alignment of large, flat clasts in the direction of fluid flow.

• Mudcracks

• Polygonal patterns formed in drying mud.

• Sole marks

• Impressions or grooves left on a sedimentary surface by objects being dragged over it.

• Imbrication

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the remains of plants and animals?

• Biochemical

• Organic

• Chemical

• Clastic