Heat Transfer

Sarah placed a bowl of hot soup on her kitchen counter on a chilly evening. She measured the temperature of the soup every ten minutes using a thermometer. The table shows the temperatures she recorded in degrees Celsius (°C).

Which statement best explains what happened to the heat energy in Sarah's hot soup?

• A. All of the heat from the soup moved to the thermometer.

• B. The cold from the counter moved to the hot soup.

• C. The cold from the kitchen air moved to the hot soup.

• D. The heat from the hot soup moved to the cold kitchen air.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

During a barbecue, a group of friends grills sausages. They use a metal skewer to hold the sausages over the grill.

What happens to the metal skewer after the sausages have been grilled for a few minutes?

• The entire metal skewer becomes hot at the same time.

• The metal skewer becomes hot first at the end near the sausages, and then at the handle.

• The metal skewer does not get hot

• The metal skewer becomes hot only at the end near the sausages.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Alex's teacher was demonstrating heat conduction. Alex felt a metal fork, plastic fork, aluminum rod, and a wooden chopstick and wrote down what he felt. He then placed each object into a cup of hot water for two minutes. The teacher then felt the dry end of each object. The chart below shows what the teacher recorded.

What can Alex conclude from this experiment?

• A plastic fork conducts heat well.

•  A wooden chopstick conducts heat better than a metal fork does.

• A plastic fork conducts heat better than an aluminum rod does.

• A metal fork conducts heat well.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A group of students conducts an experiment to determine which metal conducts heat the best. They place rods of different metals in hot water. Attached to the top of each rod is a small piece of wax and a small plastic bead. As heat from the water travels through the metal rod, the wax melts and the bead falls. The students test each metal rod, and the data are shown in the table below.

According to the data, which metal conducts heat best?

• Aluminum

• Bronze

• Copper

• Steel

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Emma's teacher demonstrated a scientific principle in class. She placed a metal tray that had been in the refrigerator on the table, and she had the students touch the tray to show that it was cold. She then placed a mug of hot tea on the tray and had the students touch the mug to show that it was hot. After five minutes, she removed the mug and let the students touch the mug and touch the area of the tray where the mug had been. The students said that the mug felt cooler and the tray felt warmer where the mug had been.

Which of these statements best describes what the teacher is demonstrating to the students?

• Cool objects warm up quickly.

• Heat moves from cold objects to hot objects.

• Heat moves from hot objects to cold objects.

• Hot objects cool down quickly.

Tags

NGSS.4-PS3-2

Liam wanted to find out how long it would take for a piece of chocolate to melt if it was placed in a bowl and surrounded with different materials. Here is what he did:

• He found four identical bowls and four identical containers.

• He placed one bowl with a piece of chocolate in it into each container.

• He surrounded each bowl with either wool, sand, or rice, and he left one bowl with nothing around it.

• He observed the size of the chocolate piece in each container every two minutes to compare what happened.

Why did he use different materials around the bowl inside each container?

• He was trying to compare insulation properties of different materials.

• He was trying to measure how much chocolate would leak out of the bowls.

• He was trying to compare conduction properties of the bowls to the containers.

• He was trying to measure the amount of chocolate in a piece.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Freezing water is an example of water changing from one state of matter to another.

Which change in the state of matter occurs when water freezes?

• Gas to liquid

• Liquid to solid

• Solid to gas

• Liquid to gas

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

When water at room temperature is cooled in a freezer, how will the steam's state of matter change?

• From a solid to a liquid

• From a liquid to a solid

• From a liquid to a gas

• From a gas to a liquid

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Why is it important to include detailed, step-by-step instructions when documenting an experiment?

• To help organize the results

• To improve the design of the experiment

• To allow for creativity in the experiment

• To enable others to replicate the experiment

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

A class is divided into groups for a chemistry experiment. Each group needs to add 80 milliliters (mL) of vinegar to a beaker. The teacher provides a graduated cylinder for the groups to use, but it only holds 50 mL. Each group has a different idea about how to measure the vinegar for the beaker.

Which idea should the class choose?

• Measure 50 mL with the graduated cylinder, and estimate 30 mL more.

• Measure 80 millimeters (mm) from the bottom of the beaker, and fill the beaker to the measurement.

• Measure 40 mL with the graduated cylinder, put that in the beaker, and then double the depth of the vinegar in the beaker.

• Measure 50 mL of vinegar with the graduated cylinder, and then measure 30 mL more.