Understanding References in Writing

Which of the following best describes the difference between exophoric and endophoric references?

• A) Exophoric references are always vague, while endophoric references are always specific.

• B) Exophoric references are more common in spoken language, while endophoric are more common in written language.

• C) Exophoric references depend on external context, while endophoric references depend on the text itself.

• D) There is no difference; they are synonyms.

In academic writing, why might a writer choose to use endophoric references?

• A) To provide clarity and support arguments with internal evidence

• B) To engage the reader's emotions

• C) To create suspense and mystery

• D) To simplify complex ideas

True or False: Endophoric references can be either anaphoric (referring back) or cataphoric (referring forward) within the text.

• True

• False

Which sentence contains both an exophoric and an endophoric reference?

• A) "This movie is a classic, just like the last one we watched."

• B) "The weather is lovely today."

• C) "He said it was fine."

• D) "I love that song!"

What is an exophoric connection?

• A) A reference to something outside the text

• B) A type of grammatical error

• C) A reference to something within the text

• D) A method of text analysis

Identify the exophoric reference in the following sentence: "I can't believe how cold it is today!"

• A) "cold"

• B) "I"

• C) "it"

• D) "today"

Which of the following sentences illustrates an endophoric reference?

• A) "Look at that car over there."

• B) "As mentioned earlier, the results were surprising."

• C) "It was a great movie!"

• D) "This is my favorite restaurant."

In which situation would you likely use an exophoric reference?

• A) Referring to a character in a story

• B) Discussing a specific event that everyone knows about

• C) Citing a statistic from a research paper

• D) Referring to a chapter in a book

What is an endophoric connection?

• A) A connection to previous conversations

• B) A reference that is self-contained within the text

• C) A reference that relies on the external context

• D) A synonym for intertextuality

True or False: Exophoric connections are often clearer than endophoric connections because they rely on shared external context.

• True

• False