8.2 Change of State Quiz

Which of the following describes the process of freezing?

• Freezing occurs when the temperature of a substance drops to 0°C.

• Freezing occurs when the particles of a solid vibrate so fast that they break free.

• Freezing occurs when the temperature drops enough a gas turns into a solid.

• Freezing occurs when the particles in a liquid slow down and take fixed positions.

Answer explanation

Freezing is the process where particles in a liquid lose energy, slow down, and arrange themselves into fixed positions, forming a solid. This is accurately described in the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The process that makes ice cubes shrink as they sit in a freezer is called

• sublimation

• condensation

• freezing

• boiling

Answer explanation

The process that makes ice cubes shrink in a freezer is sublimation, where solid ice turns directly into water vapor without becoming liquid first. This loss of mass causes the ice cubes to shrink over time.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas is

• called the freezing point

• called the boiling point

• 100°C

• the same for an amorphous or a crystalline solid

Answer explanation

The temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas is known as the boiling point. This is distinct from the freezing point, which is the temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Particles of which of the following have the greatest thermal energy?

• a liquid

• a crystalline solid

• a gas

• an amorphous solid

Answer explanation

A gas has particles that are far apart and move freely, resulting in higher thermal energy compared to liquids, crystalline solids, and amorphous solids, where particles are more closely packed and have restricted movement.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Sublimation and boiling both happen at the surface of the substance.

• True

• False; Evaporation

• False; freezing

• False; melting

Answer explanation

The statement is false because sublimation occurs at the surface, while boiling involves the entire liquid. Evaporation is the correct term for surface vaporization at any temperature, distinguishing it from boiling.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Vaporization is the reverse of condensation.

• True

• False; evaporation

• False; freezing

• False, melting

Answer explanation

Vaporization is the process of a substance changing from a liquid to a gas, which is the opposite of condensation, where a gas turns into a liquid. Therefore, the statement is true.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

The temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas is called the boiling point.

• True

• False; melting point

• False; freezing point

• false; gas point

Answer explanation

The statement is true. The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas. Other options refer to different phase changes: melting point is solid to liquid, and freezing point is liquid to solid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Boiling is the reverse of freezing.

• True

• False; evaporating

• false; Melting

• false; condensation

Answer explanation

Boiling is the process of turning a liquid into a gas, while freezing turns a liquid into a solid. The reverse of freezing is melting, where a solid turns back into a liquid, making 'false; Melting' the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Water particles in gas coming off of a pan of boiling water are moving _______ than the particles of the water in the pan.

• Faster

• Slower

• the same

Answer explanation

Water particles in gas are in a vapor state, which means they have gained energy and are moving faster than the particles in the liquid state of water in the pan. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Faster'.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Evaporation and condensation are both types of vaporization.

• True

• False; freezing

• False; cooking

• False; boiling

Answer explanation

Evaporation is a type of vaporization, but condensation is the opposite process, where vapor turns back into liquid. Therefore, the statement is false; boiling is another type of vaporization, making 'False; boiling' the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4