Which of these do you consider to be unacceptable?

Copy a paragraph directly from the source with no changes.

Change some of the words and sentences in a text, but keep the overall structure of the text and the vocabulary the same as in the original text.

Copy a paragraph making only small changes. For example, replace some words with words with similar meanings.

Take some short fixed phrases from several different sources and put them together with some of your own words.

Copy out an article from a journal or textbook and submit it as a piece of your own coursework.

Which of them do you consider to be acceptable?

When students start higher education, they have a great deal to learn about academic writing. In school academic writing usually consists of writing about aspects they have already learned about with no reference to how this was obtained. In higher education, however, students will need to learn to read and explicitly use the results of their reading to carry out the writing task. They will need to "negotiate an assignment that calls for reading-to-write" (Flower, 1990, p. v). This involves reading sources and trying to understand information from them, and then, according to Flower (1990, p. v) "create a text of their own" by "integrating information ... with ideas of their own."

In English, an essay is a piece of argumentative writing several paragraphs long written about one topic, usually based on the student's reading. The purpose of an essay is for the student to say something for themselves using the ideas of the subject, for them to present ideas they have learned in their own way. The emphasis should be on working with other people's ideas, rather than reproducing their words, but the student's own voice should show clearly. Students should be, as Flower (1990, p. v) points out: "reading to create a text of their own, trying to integrate information from sources with ideas of their own, and attempting to do so under the guidance of a purpose they must themselves create."

The study presented here (Flower, 1990) takes an unusually comprehensive look at one critical point of entry into academic performance. It shows a group of freshmen in the transition into the academic discourse of college, looking at the ways in which they interpret and negotiate an assignment that calls for reading-to-write. On such tasks, students are reading to create a text of their own, trying to integrate information from sources with ideas of their own, and attempting to do so under the guidance of a purpose they must themselves create. Because these reading-to-write tasks ask students to integrate reading, writing, and rhetorical purpose, they open a door to critical literacy. Yet this same interaction often makes reading-to-write a difficult process for students to learn and to manage.

According to Flower (1990), on such tasks, students are reading to create a text of their own, trying to integrate information from sources with ideas of their own, and attempting to do so under the guidance of a purpose they must themselves create. Because these reading-to-write tasks ask students to integrate reading, writing, and rhetorical purpose, they open a door to critical literacy. Yet this same interaction often makes reading-to-write a difficult process for students to learn and to manage.

On such tasks, students are reading to create a text of their own, trying to integrate information from sources with ideas of their own, and attempting to do so under the guidance of a purpose they must themselves create. Because these reading-to-write tasks ask students to integrate reading, writing, and rhetorical purpose, they open a door to critical literacy. Yet this same interaction often makes reading-to-write a difficult process for students to learn and to manage.

Understanding Plagiarism

Authored by Nuray Serikkazina

Professional Development

12th Grade

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OPEN ENDED QUESTION

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What is plagiarism?

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OPEN ENDED QUESTION

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Why do people plagiarize?

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What are the types of plagiarism?

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OPEN ENDED QUESTION

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How to avoid plagiarism?

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Plagiarism is the act of appropriating the ideas, writings, or inventions of another without due acknowledgement; specifically, the stealing of passages either for word or in substance, from the writings of another and publishing them as one's own.

True

False

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Plagiarism is the representation of another person's work as the student's own, either by extensive unacknowledged quotation, paraphrasing or direct copying.

True

False

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Plagiarise - Take and use another person's (thoughts, writings, inventions) as one's own.

True

False

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Understanding Plagiarism

What is plagiarism?

Why do people plagiarize?

What are the types of plagiarism?

How to avoid plagiarism?

Plagiarism is the act of appropriating the ideas, writings, or inventions of another without due acknowledgement; specifically, the stealing of passages either for word or in substance, from the writings of another and publishing them as one's own.

Plagiarism is the representation of another person's work as the student's own, either by extensive unacknowledged quotation, paraphrasing or direct copying.

Plagiarise - Take and use another person's (thoughts, writings, inventions) as one's own.

Plagiarise - To use (another person's idea or part of their work) and pretend that it is your own.

Plagiarise - To copy another person's words or work and pretend that they are your own.

To use another person's ideas or expressions in your writing without acknowledging the source is to plagiarise.

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