Science and Philosophy Quiz

Which scientist's theory suggested that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the universe?

• Johannes Kepler

• Isaac Newton

• Galileo Galilei

• Nicolaus Copernicus

What scientific breakthrough by Isaac Newton helped shape modern physics and influenced Enlightenment thinking?

• Law of thermodynamics

• Laws of motion and gravity

• The law of conservation of energy

• Theory of relativity

Which philosopher is associated with the idea that government is based on an agreement between rulers and the people, known as the "social contract"?

• Voltaire

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

What principle did Voltaire strongly advocate for during the Enlightenment?

• Freedom of speech and religious tolerance

• Universal education

• Absolute monarchy

• Equality of women

Galileo’s observations with the telescope supported which revolutionary idea about our solar system?

• The Earth was at the center of the universe

• The Sun is at the center of the universe

• The Moon does not orbit the Earth

• The Earth is flat

Which French king is famous for centralizing power and building the extravagant Palace of Versailles?

• King Louis XVI

• King Henry VIII

• King Louis XIV

• King Charles I

What was a primary reason the American colonies rebelled against Britain in 1776?

• The desire for independence from France

• The imposition of taxes without colonial representation in Parliament

• The need for military support in wars with Spain

• The want to abolish slavery

Which environmental factor played a major role in Napoleon’s defeat during his 1812 campaign in Russia?

• Flooding from the river

• The harsh Russian winter

• Lack of food supplies

• Terrain filled with mountains

Which event marked the decisive turning point leading to Napoleon’s downfall in Europe?

• The Battle of Waterloo

• The Battle of Austerlitz

• The Battle of Leipzig

• The Battle of Trafalgar

Which group was most affected by Enlightenment ideas and became the main driver of the French Revolution?

• The nobility

• The clergy

• The bourgeoisie (middle class)

• The monarchy