How did Charlemagne help Pope Leo III?

• By writing religious texts

• By donating land

• By providing military support

• By building churches

Who, along with his Viking shipmates, were the first Europeans to visit Canada?

• Harald Hardrada

• Ragnar Lothbrok

• Leif Erikson

• Erik the Red

What was the root cause of the Schism of 1054?

• Territorial conflicts

• Economic disagreements

• Differences in language

• Disputes over papal authority

What do the medieval classics Beowulf, The Divine Comedy, and The Canterbury Tales have in common?

• They are epic poems

• They are set in England

• They are written in Latin

• They explore themes of heroism

What style of architecture featured pointed arches, thin walls, large windows, and flying buttresses?

• Renaissance

• Baroque

• Gothic

• Romanesque

What was the effect of the Magna Carta?

• Limited the power of the king

• Expanded the king's power

• Established a new monarchy

• Increased taxes

Which was NOT an effect of the Magna Carta on English law?

• Limited royal authority

• Influenced constitutional law

• Established due process

• Abolished the monarchy

What was the result of the First Crusade?

• Establishment of trade routes

• Defeat of the Crusaders

• Peace treaty with Muslims

• Capture of Jerusalem

At the end of the First Crusade, who controlled Jerusalem?

• The Crusaders

• The Byzantine Empire

• The Seljuk Turks

• The Fatimid Caliphate

What was a long-term effect of the Great Famine of 1315-1322?

• Technological advancement

• Population decline

• Economic boom

• Increased birth rates