Exam 2 practice Exam pt 2

Patient H.M. was impaired on tests of declarative long-term memory, but not on tests of working memory. Which of the following patients would provide double dissociation?

• A patient with no declarative deficit, but with a procedural deficit.

• A patient with a declarative deficit, but with no procedural deficit.

• A patient with no declarative deficit, but with a phonological loop deficit.

• A patient with a declarative deficit, but with no phonological loop deficit.

A researcher reads out a list of 20 words and asks a subject to recall as many as possible. What is the most likely result?

• The subject will only remember words presented at the beginning

• The subject will only remember words presented at the end

• The subject will remember more words presented in the middle and at the end than at the beginning.

• The subject will remember more words presented at the beginning and at the end than in the middle.

Research participants are more likely to falsely remember hearing the sentence “John was using the hammer to fix the bird house” if they had actually heard: (1) “John was trying to fix the bird house. He was pounding the nail when…” than if they had actually heard: (2) “John was trying to fix the bird house. He was looking for the nail when…” What is the reason for this phenomenon?

• logical inference

• narrative inference

• pragmatic inference

• retroactive interference

Alice and Charlotte are shown a film that includes a woman eating an apple. Then, both read a description that referred to "the woman eating a banana." Later, Alice is asked, "Was the woman in the film eating an apple or a banana?" while Charlotte is asked, "Was the woman in the film eating an apple or an orange?" Charlotte was more accurate than Alice on this task. What does this suggest about episodic memory?

• Memory inferences are only made during encoding and storage, not during retrieval.

• The new information overwrites the old information.

• The old information is not overwritten in memory.

• Task demands play a critical role.

Which of the following provides evidence that memory can be changed at the encoding stage?

• If you give people a title before they read a story, they will remember the story better.

• If you give people information about a story after they have read it, they may incorrectly confirm sentences that are consistent with that information, but were not in the story.

• If you ask people to retell a story they have read, it will become more distorted as time since they read it increases.

• If you ask people to retell a story in the same place they heard it, they will remember it better.

Predict the results of the following experiment: In the study phase, Group 1 reads "Three turtles rested beside a floating log, and a fish swam beneath them. Group 2 reads "Three turtles rested on a floating log, and a fish swam beneath them. Later all the participants were given a test sentence and asked to indicate whether they had read it earlier. The test sentence was "Three turtles rested on a floating log, and a fish swam beneath it." Which group would show the highest rate of false recognitions (people who said they had read the sentence, when they actually had not)?

• Group 1, because they made a pragmatic inference

• Group 1, because they made a logical inference

• Group 2, because they made a pragmatic inference

• Group 2, because they made a logical inference

Which of the following is NOT an effective technique used to reduce errors in eyewitness memory?

• Ask about events in reverse chronological order

• Start with open ended questions

• Help the witness by providing information you have gathered about the suspect.

• Ask about weather conditions from the original event

Which of the following statements about amnesia is true?

• Anterograde amnesia refers to the inability to remember information that occurred just prior to trauma.

• When retrograde amnesia is temporally graded, recent information is more intact than remote information.

• Anterograde amnesics are unable to learn how to solve the Tower of Hanoi puzzle.

• Amnesics typically exhibit deficits in explicit memory and not implicit memory.

A patient who last week suffered an injury leading to pure retrograde amnesia would most likely struggle with which of the following:

• Learning a new person’s name

• Tying their shoes

• Recalling where they worked last year

• Remembering what they had for lunch earlier today

Amnesics study a list of words including the word furnace. Later they are shown two word fragments: _ _ r n _ c e _ _ nk _ y They did not study a word corresponding to _ _ nk _ y. They are asked to complete the word stem with the first word that comes to mind. They are more likely to complete the word _ _ r n _ c e with “furnace” than to complete the other stem (which could be “monkey”). This demonstrates which principle?

• Priming

• Declarative knowledge

• Conscious Recognition

• Recall