Energy

Lisa has a bottle of water. Which is a valid claim about how she can increase the thermal energy of the water?

• She can pour the water into a larger bottle.

• She can increase the temperature of the water.

• She can place the bottle of water in the refrigerator.

• She can divide the water between two identical containers.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Ashley warms a pure, solid substance. She graphs the changes in temperature as shown in the figure below. Which process takes place during segment D?

• melting

• evaporation

• increase in temperature of a gas

• increase in temperature of a liquid

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Ms. Kim is a researcher testing four different brands of batteries to determine which is the most efficient. Each battery stores the same amount of energy. The table below shows how much electrical energy each battery produces.

• Brand A

• Brand B

• Brand C

• Brand D

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

Ms. Kim also observes how warm each battery is. From the evidence, which battery would be the warmest?

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A glassblower shapes hot, liquid glass into a vase in a furnace. After forming the vase, the glassblower takes it out of the furnace and lets it cool. Which is a valid claim about how the glass particles change as the vase cools?

• A. They move faster.

• B. They do not move.

• C. They move more freely.

• D. They have less kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

The figure below shows a bolt of lightning. After each lightning strike, thunder is heard.

• A. A lightning bolt releases light energy.

• B. A lightning bolt releases sound energy.

• C. A lightning bolt is caused by electrical energy.

• D. A lightning bolt is caused by chemical energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Reggie puts a beaker of ice and water on a hot plate, and the ice slowly begins to melt as shown in figure below. After a few minutes, only liquid water is in the beaker. Eventually, the water becomes hot and boils. The liquid water changes to water vapor, which is a gas. How is the liquid water, as it is warming, different from the ice?

• A. The freezing point of the ice is lower.

• B. The temperature of the liquid water is lower.

• C. The average kinetic energy of the ice particles is lower.

• D. The motion of the particles that make up the water is slower.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A ball is sitting at the top of a ramp. As the ball rolls down the ramp, the potential energy of the ball decreases. What happens to the potential energy as the ball moves?

• It is lost as gravitational energy.

• It is converted to kinetic energy.

• It is destroyed as the ball moves.

• It is used to make the ball slow down.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which of these claims best describes the thermal energy of a substance?

• the sum of the kinetic energy of all of the particles of a substance

• the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance

• the total kinetic and potential energies of the particles of a substance

• the difference between the kinetic energy and potential energy of a substance

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Ashton warms a pure, solid substance. He graphs the changes in temperature over time as shown in the figure below. What is happening as he warms the substance?

• The molecules are moving more slowly.

• The molecules are moving more rapidly.

• The speed of the molecules is not changing.

• The molecules speed up and then decrease their speed.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4