AP Psych Unit 2.2: Cognition

______________ are shortcuts and incomplete simplified strategies that we use that does not guarantee a solution.

• Algorithms

• Heuristics

• Confirmation Bias

• Prospect Theory

JoAnn is told that her history teacher will be mean, rule focused, and quite loud. When she arrives to class on the first day JoAnn is somewhat surprised to discover her teacher is a woman. Most likely JoAnn applied ____ in her vision of her new teacher.

• the representativeness heuristic

• overconfidence Bias

• confirmation bias

• framing effect

The principal holds a faculty meeting to criticize the staff because 15% of the students are not happy with their teachers. The head of the English Department speaks up asks, "Doesn't that mean that 85% of students are happy with their teachers?" In a huff the principal ends the meeting It is apparent from these inclusions, that the department head understands the power of

• confirmation bias

• overconfidence

• intuition

• framing

A methodical, logical rule or step-by-step procedure that guarantees solving a particular solving a particular problem.

• Algorithm

• Heuristic

• Confirmation Bias

• Fixation

The inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an obstacle to problem solving

• Algorithm

• Heuristic

• Mental set

• Fixation

Pablo vainly searches for a screw driver while failing to recognize that a readily available coin in his pocket would turn the screw. This is an example of

• Functional fixedness

• Belief perseverance

• Availability heuristic

• Representative heuristic

A mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas or people.

• Schema

• Prototype

• Heuristic

• Concept

You are deciding between a new security system or a carbon monoxide detector. Due to the recent burglaries in your neighborhood, you end up purchasing a new security system. You did this because of:

• availability heuristic

• belief perseverance

• algorithms

• mental set

You went to visit a local college and it just didn't feel like your ideal vision of what college should look/feel like. This is due to your ______ of what an ideal college looks like.

• prototype

• framing

• fixation

• heuristic

You always go for the "girl next door" type of person when choosing a partner, someone who is sweet, effortlessly beautiful, relatively low maintenance. This strategy is your:

• mental set

• availability heuristic

• dating algorithm

• sunk-cost fallacy