Unit 2 Metabolism Review

An athlete thinks that she can exercise as long as she eats different types of food because her body just needs different types of food molecules to work correctly. Is the athlete correct?

• Yes, her cells only work when they have molecules from different types of food.

• No, her muscles do not need molecules from food because cells make all the molecules they need.

• No, all cells need molecules from food and molecules from the air to work properly.

• No, only her stomach cells need food molecules to work correctly.

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Marisol has been chewing and swallowing her food, but her digestive system is not doing what it usually does. Why is this a problem for her ability to exercise?

• Her cells will not work well because molecules from her food are not broken down small enough to get to her cells.

• Her body will run out of energy because molecules from the air are not being combined into larger molecules for the cells.

• Her respiratory system will have to work twice as hard to break down molecules from food.

• Her cells will not work well because the molecules from food will be too small for cells to use.

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Doctors tested a patient to find out what molecules were in her cells. Her cells contained normal levels of amino acids, normal levels of oxygen molecules, and low levels of glucose molecules.

Will this patient be able to exercise normally?

• Yes, her cells just need to combine amino acids to release energy.

• No, her cells need to combine glucose into starch molecules to release energy.

• No, her cells need glucose to react with oxygen to release energy.

• Yes, her cells just need oxygen to release energy.

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An ocean scientist plans to spend several days underwater in a submarine. Doctors on land will monitor her body to make sure she is healthy during her trip.

What is one way doctors will be able to tell whether her body is healthy enough to do all her tasks while she is in the submarine?

• The doctors could see if her cells were getting several different types of food molecules.

• The doctors could see if she is getting plenty of sleep so her body can make enough energy.

• The doctors could see if her lung cells have molecules from the air and if her stomach cells have molecules from food.

• The doctors could see if her cells are getting the molecules they need from food and air.

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A patient has been eating healthy foods, but his digestive system is not doing what it usually does.

Can this patient still exercise normally?

• Yes, as long as he can still breathe, his cells will have all the molecules they need to release energy.

• No, his digestive system is not breaking down oxygen into molecules small enough to get inside his cells.

• No, molecules from food are not combining together to be large enough for his cells to use.

• No, molecules from food are not getting broken down small enough to get inside his cells.

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Doctors tested a patient to find out what molecules were in his cells. His cells contained normal levels of glucose molecules and amino acid molecules, and low levels of oxygen molecules.

Will this patient be able to exercise normally?

• Yes, his body is working correctly enough to exercise.

• Yes, as long as he has glucose and amino acids molecules, his cells can release energy.

• No, his body systems are working, but he needs to eat different foods; only proteins can react with glucose to release energy.

  
  

• No, his respiratory system is not working; his cells need oxygen to react with glucose, which releases energy.

  
  

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Rico, a scuba diver, uses breathing gear to help him breathe air underwater. He always gets enough sleep and eats a good breakfast before a dive.
What could happen if his breathing gear broke during a dive and he could not breathe as much air as usual?

• It would be difficult to swim because his cells cannot work without molecules from the air.

• It would not affect him because his cells are getting the different types of molecules they need from food to work properly.

• It would not affect him as long as he slept enough

• It would not affect him because his body can function normally even if his cells do not have molecules from the air.

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The test report above shows the level of molecules in different parts of the patient's body, S. Williams.
What does this test indicate about how her body systems are working?

• Her body systems are working correctly.

• Her digestive system is lacking the normal amounts of food molecules.

• Her digestive system is not breaking down molecules from food.

• Her respiratory system is lacking air molecules.

 If a person is breathing normally, which of the following could prevent him from using his body to exercise normally?

• Nothing because cells only need oxygen to function.

• Not getting enough sleep because the body only make energy for exercise while asleep.

• Not eating enough food because cell need molecules from both food and air.

• Nothing because he/she would be able to exercise as long as their cells are getting oxgen.

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Rosa eats a peanut butter sandwich for lunch. Peanut butter contains protein and bread is mostly starch. Rosa plans to go for a run later this afternoon. Rosa is breathing normally. 

How do her cells use these molecules to release energy for her body to run?

• Through the process of photosynthesis

• By converting them into energy through cellular respiration

• By storing them as fat for later use

• By excreting them as waste

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