genetic mutations vocabulary

Match the vocabulary term with the correct definition

• nonsense mutation

• a gene mutation that does not affect protein synthesis because the mutated

  codon still codes for the appropriate amino acid

• silent mutation

• a gene mutation that produces an unintended stop codon, resulting in an

  incomplete polypeptide chain

• missense mutation

• a gene mutation that results in exactly one incorrect amino acid being placed in

  a polypeptide chain

• insertion mutation

• a gene mutation in which one or more nucleotide base pairs are removed from

  a DNA nucleotide sequence

• deletion mutation

• a gene mutation in which one or more unintended base pairs are inserted into a

  DNA nucleotide sequence

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

the order of base pairs on DNA is known as:

• base sequence

• codon

• chromosome

• base pair

a(n) ____________ causes a frameshift mutation by removing a base which changes how the codons are read

• insertion mutation

• deletion mutation

• substitution mutation

• inversion mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Unlike a point mutation which changes just one codon base, a(n) ________________ can cause multiple bases to shift and changes how codons are read.

• translation

• chromosomal mutation

• frameshift mutation

• transcription

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

An example of a mutation that causes a change in the amino acid sequence is a(n) ________________ mutation which causes the substitution of one amino acid.

• missense mutation

• deletion mutation

• insertion mutation

• inversion mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

An example of a protein synthesis error is a __________________, which stops the completion of the polypeptide chain.

• missense mutation

• deletion mutation

• nonsense mutation

• frameshift mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A(n) ______________ causes a frameshift in DNA by adding a nucleotide to the DNA sequence.

• deletion mutation

• inversion mutation

• insertion mutation

• substitution mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A(n) _______________________only impacts a single base in the DNA sequence, and the amino acid sequence does not change drastically.

• point mutation

• insertion mutation

• deletion mutation

• inversion mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

One type of mutation that does not produce a protein synthesis error is a _______________, resulting in no amino acid changes.

• silent mutation

• deletion mutation

• missense mutation

• nonsense mutation

A(n) ______________________ is similar to a point mutation since it causes one base to be switched for another, causing either a change in one or fewer amino acids.

• missense mutation

• insertion mutation

• substitution

• deletion mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2