Quiz on intro to metabolism: Clinical

What happens to protein catabolism during prolonged starvation?

• It increases considerably.

• It remains unchanged.

• It stops completely.

• It decreases significantly.

What is the main metabolic fuel for all tissues during starvation?

• Amino acids

• Fatty acids

• Glucose

• Ketone bodies

What condition results from the release of cytokines in response to tumors?

• Obesity

• Cachexia

• Hyperglycemia

• Hypoglycemia

What can lead to ketosis in lactating animals?

• Increased insulin levels

• High fat intake

• Low carbohydrate intake

• High protein intake

In poorly controlled type 1 diabetes, what causes hyperglycemia?

• Excess insulin production

• Lack of insulin

• Increased glucose metabolism

• Decreased gluconeogenesis

What is a consequence of increased lipolysis in adipose tissue?

• Increased nonesterified fatty acids

• Decreased ketogenesis

• Decreased gluconeogenesis

• Increased insulin sensitivity

What is required for adequate citric acid cycle activity?

• Glucose

• Fatty acids

• Acetoacetate

• Oxaloacetate

What can severe ketosis lead to in uncontrolled diabetes?

• Hyperinsulinemia

• Hypoglycemia

• Ketoacidosis

• Cachexia

What are acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate classified as?

• Strong acids

• Weak acids

• Neutral compounds

• Bases

What results from the increased osmolality of extracellular fluid in diabetes?

• Dehydration

• Coma

• Hypotension

• Hyperthermia