Macromolecules T2 Practice (DNA & Proteins)

What are the two types of nucleic acids? What is their primary function?

• DNA and RNA; storing and transmitting genetic information

• DNA and ATP; providing energy

• RNA and ATP; catalyzing reactions

• DNA and RNA; providing structural support

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

• Sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

• Sugar, lipid, nitrogenous base

• Phosphate group, lipid, protein

• Protein, sugar, lipid

List the four nitrogenous bases in DNA. How do they pair up?

• Adenine-Thymine, Cytosine-Guanine

• Adenine-Cytosine, Thymine-Guanine

• Guanine-Thymine, Adenine-Cytosine

• Thymine-Cytosine, Adenine-Guanine

How does RNA differ from DNA in terms of structure and nitrogenous bases?

• RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine

• RNA is double-stranded and contains thymine instead of uracil

• RNA is single-stranded and contains thymine instead of uracil

• RNA is double-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine

Explain why DNA is considered a macromolecule.

• It is composed of large molecules with repeating units

• It is a small molecule with a simple structure

• It is composed of lipids and proteins

• It is a single molecule with no repeating units

What are the monomers of proteins? How many different types are there?

• Amino acids; 20 types

• Nucleotides; 4 types

• Monosaccharides; 10 types

• Fatty acids; 5 types

Describe the primary level of protein structure.

• Sequence of amino acids

• Folding into alpha helices and beta sheets

• Three-dimensional shape

• Multiple polypeptide chains

Describe the secondary level of protein structure.

• Folding into alpha helices and beta sheets

• Sequence of amino acids

• Three-dimensional shape

• Multiple polypeptide chains

Describe the tertiary level of protein structure.

• Three-dimensional shape

• Sequence of amino acids

• Folding into alpha helices and beta sheets

• Multiple polypeptide chains

Describe the quaternary level of protein structure.

• Multiple polypeptide chains

• Sequence of amino acids

• Folding into alpha helices and beta sheets

• Three-dimensional shape