Science Concepts for Grade 10

What is Newton's First Law of Motion?

• An object will change direction only if a force is applied.

• An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.

• An object will accelerate unless a force is applied.

• An object in motion will eventually stop without any force.

Describe the process of a chemical reaction.

• A chemical reaction is when products are created without any changes to their structure.

• A chemical reaction is the process of heating substances to change their color.

• A chemical reaction is the process where reactants transform into products through bond breaking and formation.

• A chemical reaction involves only the mixing of substances without any transformation.

What are the main components of a cell?

• Cell wall, chloroplast, ribosome

• Cytoskeleton, lysosome, vacuole

• Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

• Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus

How does atomic size change across a period in the periodic table?

• Atomic size fluctuates randomly across a period.

• Atomic size decreases across a period.

• Atomic size remains constant across a period.

• Atomic size increases across a period.

What is the overall equation for photosynthesis?

• 6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

• 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

• 6O2 + light energy -> 6CO2 + C6H12O6

• C6H12O6 + 6O2 + light energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Define an acid and a base according to the Arrhenius theory.

• An acid decreases H+ concentration; a base decreases OH- concentration.

• An acid has no effect on H+ concentration; a base has no effect on OH- concentration.

• An acid increases OH- concentration; a base increases H+ concentration.

• An acid increases H+ concentration; a base increases OH- concentration.

What is Newton's Second Law of Motion and its formula?

• F = mv

• F = m/a

• F = m^2a

• F = ma

Explain the difference between exothermic and endothermic reactions.

• Both exothermic and endothermic reactions release energy.

• Exothermic reactions release energy; endothermic reactions absorb energy.

• Exothermic reactions occur only in living organisms; endothermic reactions occur in non-living systems.

• Exothermic reactions absorb energy; endothermic reactions release energy.

What organelles are involved in protein synthesis?

• Mitochondria

• Ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus

• Lysosomes

• Chloroplasts

How does the pH scale measure acidity and basicity?

• The pH scale measures acidity and basicity based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.

• The pH scale is based on the concentration of oxygen in a solution.

• The pH scale measures temperature variations in a solution.

• The pH scale indicates the color of a solution.