7.2 Biodiversity Loss and Extinction

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What is biodiversity?

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Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the diversity of species, genetic variation, and ecosystem diversity.

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What is habitat fragmentation?

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Habitat fragmentation is the process by which large, continuous habitats are divided into smaller, isolated patches, often due to human activities.

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How does habitat fragmentation affect genetic diversity?

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Habitat fragmentation reduces genetic diversity by isolating large populations into smaller groups, which can lead to inbreeding and a decrease in genetic variation.

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What are some common causes of habitat loss?

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Common causes of habitat loss include deforestation, urban development, agriculture, and infrastructure projects like road building.

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What is the difference between endangered and extinct species?

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Endangered species are at serious risk of extinction, while extinct species no longer exist.

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What are the five mass extinctions that have occurred on Earth?

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The five mass extinctions are the Ordovician, Late Devonian, Permian-Triassic, Late Triassic, and Cretaceous-Paleogene extinctions.

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What role does replanting trees play in biodiversity?

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Replanting trees can help restore habitats, increase biodiversity, and combat habitat loss.

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What is the significance of genetic diversity in species?

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Genetic diversity is crucial for the adaptability and survival of species, allowing them to cope with environmental changes and resist diseases.

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What is an ecosystem?

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An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment.

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What are invasive species and how do they affect biodiversity?

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Invasive species are non-native species that can disrupt local ecosystems, outcompete native species, and lead to a decline in biodiversity.