Logical Fallacies Quiz

What is an INFORMAL fallacy?

• A reasoning error that occurs due to mistakes in the logical structure of an argument.

• A reasoning error that occurs by relying on misleading content or assumptions in an argument.

• A flawless argument presented by someone who is an expert in their field.

• A type of error that only scientists can make when conducting experiments.

What distinguishes a Formal Fallacy from an Informal Fallacy?

• Formal Fallacies are based on content

• Informal Fallacies are always irrelevant

• Informal Fallacies are based on logical structure

• Formal Fallacies have a flaw in logical structure

What is a Relevance Fallacy?

• An argument with a flawed logical structure

• An argument that uses ambiguous language

• An argument that is logically irrelevant to the conclusion

• An argument based on unproven assumptions

Which type of fallacy occurs when a word or phrase is ambiguous?

• Relevance Fallacy

• Formal Fallacy

• Ambiguity Fallacy

• Presumption Fallacy

What does a Presumption Fallacy rely on?

• Irrelevant arguments

• Flawed logical structure

• Unproven assumptions

• Ambiguous statements

What is the purpose of a Red Herring Fallacy?

• To support the conclusion

• To clarify the argument

• To distract from the main issue

• To provide a valid argument

Which of the following statement is an example of a False Dilemma fallacy?

• "All dogs are friendly because mine is."

• "My cat is black, so all cats must be black."

• "You have to choose either your career or your family."

• "You used to cheat all the time, so don't lecture me about cheating."

What is the Tu Quoque, or You Too fallacy?

• An argument that focuses on the irrelevant details of a topic to distract from the main issue.

• An argument that points out inconsistencies in someone else's behavior rather than addressing the argument itself.

• An argument that presents two options as the only choices, ignoring other alternatives.

• An argument that put pressure on the other side to lose by using threats or intimidation.

What is Circular Reasoning?

• An argument based on unjustified assumptions

• An argument that distracts from the main issue

• An argument that repeats itself without new evidence

• An argument that presents two options

Which of the following is NOT one of the 5 C's to avoid fallacies?

• Clear

• Credible

• Consistent

• Complicated