Biology Unit 1.2

When a person does strenuous exercise, small blood vessels (capillaries) near the surface of the skin increase in diameter. This change allows the body to be cooled. These statements best illustrate

• synthesis

• homeostasis

• excretion

• locomotion

Activities in the human body are represented in the diagram below. Which title would be appropriate for the diagram?

• Rate of Excretion Varies in Response to Amount of Water Taken In

• Feedback Mechanisms Help to Maintain Homeostasis

• Respiratory Rate Responds to an Increase in Muscle Activity

• The Nervous System Responds to Changes in Blood Sugar Levels

Bumblebees show some ability to control their own body temperature. During cold weather, bumblebees have been observed warming their flight muscles by shivering. The bees are able to maintain a body temperature several degrees above that of the surrounding air. Regulation of their internal body temperature is an example of

• diffusion

• synthesis

• respiration

• homeostasis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Changes in external temperatures often result in a person either sweating or shivering. These responses are one way

• to counteract feedback mechanisms that would otherwise be beneficial

• to make the body release insulin to control blood circulation

• the body is able to maintain dynamic equilibrium

• skin and muscle cells are able to disrupt homeostasis

A person usually experiences small variations in body temperature over a 24-hour period. These variations in temperature are an example of

• an immune response

• genetic differences between individuals

• an adaptation to global warming

• dynamic equilibrium

Sweating is a process that helps cool the body during strenuous exercise. This is an example of

• recycling of gases

• cellular respiration

• gene malfunction

• a feedback mechanism

The data in the accompanying graph show evidence of disease in the human body. A disruption in dynamic equilibrium is indicated by the temperature change between points

• A and B

• B and C

• C and D

• E and F

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

An individual walks out of his air-conditioned (75° F) home into the hot outside environment (85° F). His ability to adjust to this changing environment involves a mechanism similar to

• the regulation of water loss by guard cells in plant leaves

• the digestion of carbohydrates by enzymes

• using ATP for the diffusion of water

• glucose production in the pancreas

On a hot day, dogs sweat through their paw pads and pant, which helps keep them cool. Both the sweating and panting are

• due to a loss of oxygen

• a failure of cell communication

• due to a lack of adaptation to the environment

• a response to stimulus

What usually results when an organism fails to maintain homeostasis?

• Growth rates within organs become equal.

• The organism becomes ill or may die.

• A constant sugar supply for the cells is produced.

• The water balance in the tissues of the organism stabilizes.