Exploring Acid-Base Equilibria

What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 x 10^-7 M?

• 6

• 7

• 8

• 10

How do you calculate the pH of a solution?

• pH = [H+] / 10

• pH = -log[H+]

• pH = 14 - pOH

• pH = log[H+]

What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?

• Strong acids fully dissociate in solution; weak acids partially dissociate.

• Weak acids do not dissociate at all in solution.

• Strong acids are less corrosive than weak acids.

• Strong acids are always more concentrated than weak acids.

Give an example of a strong acid and a weak acid.

• Strong acid: Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Weak acid: Nitric acid (HNO3)

• Strong acid: Phosphoric acid (H3PO4), Weak acid: Carbonic acid (H2CO3)

• Strong acid: Hydrofluoric acid (HF), Weak acid: Citric acid (C6H8O7)

• Strong acid: Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Weak acid: Acetic acid (CH3COOH)

What is the pH range of acidic solutions?

• pH less than 7

• pH greater than 7

• pH between 7 and 14

• pH equal to 7

What happens to the pH when a strong acid is diluted?

• The pH becomes neutral.

• The pH decreases.

• The pH increases.

• The pH remains the same.

What is the purpose of an acid-base titration?

• To neutralize a solution completely.

• To determine the concentration of an acid or base in a solution.

• To identify the color of an acid or base.

• To measure the temperature of a solution.

What is the endpoint of a titration?

• The endpoint of a titration is the point at which the reaction is complete.

• The endpoint of a titration is the point where the pH is neutral.

• The endpoint of a titration is the initial volume of the titrant added.

• The endpoint of a titration is when the solution changes color.

Describe the role of an indicator in a titration.

• The indicator neutralizes the acid in the titration.

• The indicator increases the volume of the solution being titrated.

• The indicator measures the temperature of the solution.

• The role of an indicator in a titration is to signal the endpoint of the reaction by changing color.

What is Le Chatelier's principle?

• Le Chatelier's principle describes how a system at equilibrium responds to changes in concentration, temperature, or pressure.

• Le Chatelier's principle explains the behavior of solids in chemical reactions.

• Le Chatelier's principle only applies to gaseous reactions.

• Le Chatelier's principle states that all reactions are irreversible.