Flashcard Math III Unit 7

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What is bias in research studies?

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Bias refers to any systematic error in the design, conduct, or analysis of a study that leads to incorrect conclusions about the relationship between variables.

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What is an experimental research method?

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An experimental research method involves manipulating one variable to determine if it causes a change in another variable, typically involving control and experimental groups.

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What is a Cluster Random Sample?

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A Cluster Random Sample is a sampling method where the population is divided into clusters (often geographically), and entire clusters are randomly selected for the study.

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What is convenience sampling?

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Convenience sampling is a non-probability sampling technique where subjects are selected based on their easy availability and proximity to the researcher.

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How do you calculate the standard deviation of a data set?

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To calculate the standard deviation, find the mean of the data set, subtract the mean from each data point, square the results, find the average of those squared differences, and then take the square root of that average.

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What is the importance of random assignment in experiments?

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Random assignment helps ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being placed in any group, which minimizes pre-existing differences between groups and enhances the validity of the results.

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What are the characteristics of a biased study?

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A biased study may have a non-representative sample, leading questions, or a lack of control over variables, which can skew results and conclusions.

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What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative research?

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Qualitative research focuses on understanding concepts, thoughts, or experiences, while quantitative research involves numerical data and statistical analysis to identify patterns.

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What is the role of control groups in experimental research?

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Control groups serve as a baseline to compare against the experimental group, helping to isolate the effect of the independent variable.

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What is the significance of sample size in research?

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A larger sample size generally increases the reliability and validity of the results, reducing the margin of error and increasing the power of the study.