Chapter 4, Section 2

What purpose did pyramids serve?

• as centers of government

• as markets for trade

• as temples for religious worship

• as tombs for the pharaohs

Which group of people made up the lowest class in the Egyptian social hierarchy?

• artisans and merchants

• farmers and soldiers

• officials and scribes

• slaves and unskilled laborers

Which god did Egyptians believe weighed their hearts after death?

• Anubis

• Osiris

• Ra

• Thoth

Why did Egyptians make mummies?

• to honor the ghosts of ancestors

• to provide a body for the spirit after death

• to protect the tombs of pharaohs

• to worship their gods

Which choice best describes the Egyptian Book of the Dead?

• a collection of hymns sung at burials

• a guidebook to the journey into the afterlife

• a religious poem read aloud at festivals

• a story recounting a popular epic adventure

What event marked the start of the Middle Kingdom?

• a civil war among rival groups

• a lengthy period of famine

• the conquest of the Hyksos

• the rule of Mentuhotep II