DNA Structures and Functions

The video explores the diverse structures of DNA beyond the well-known double helix, including B-DNA, A-DNA, Z-DNA, H-DNA, and G-quadruplexes. Each structure has unique roles in cellular processes and genetic expression, impacting health and disease. The video highlights the importance of DNA's structural flexibility in molecular biology and genetics.

What is the primary structure of DNA that is most commonly found in cells?

• A-DNA

• B-DNA

• Z-DNA

• H-DNA

Who were the scientists that proposed the double helix model of DNA?

• Mendel and Darwin

• Franklin and Wilkins

• Curie and Einstein

• Watson and Crick

What is a key feature of A-DNA compared to B-DNA?

• It is shorter and wider

• It has more base pairs per turn

• It is a single-stranded structure

• It is left-handed

How does A-DNA help in DNA replication?

• By forming a triple helix

• By making mismatches more visible

• By preventing strand separation

• By increasing replication speed

What is the unique structural feature of Z-DNA?

• It has a zigzag backbone

• It is right-handed

• It is a single-stranded structure

• It is a triple helix

What potential role does Z-DNA play in the cell?

• Increasing genetic diversity

• Preventing DNA damage

• Facilitating gene expression

• Enhancing DNA replication speed

What is a characteristic of H-DNA?

• It is a three-stranded structure

• It is a single-stranded structure

• It is a double helix

• It is a left-handed helix

What is a potential consequence of H-DNA formation?

• Improved gene expression

• Double-strand breaks

• Enhanced DNA replication

• Increased genetic stability

What is the function of G-quadruplexes in cells?

• To enhance DNA replication

• To maintain telomere length

• To prevent histone turnover

• To increase mutation rates

What is an i-motif?

• A double helix structure

• A type of RNA

• A four-stranded DNA structure

• A protein complex