STM recap questions

How is information encoded in short-term memory (STM)?

• Acoustically

• Visually

• Semantically

• Tactilely

What did Baddeley (1966) find about acoustically similar words in STM?

• Participants did worse with acoustically similar words

• Participants did better with acoustically similar words

• Participants showed no difference with acoustically similar words

• Participants remembered more acoustically dissimilar words

What is the average letter span found by Jacobs (1887)?

• 7.3 items

• 9.3 items

• 5.3 items

• 11.3 items

According to Miller, how many 'items' can we hold in short-term memory?

• Five, plus or minus two

• Seven, plus or minus two

• Nine, plus or minus two

• Eleven, plus or minus two

What is the maximum duration that information can be held in short-term memory (STM)?

• About 10 seconds

• About 20 seconds

• About 30 seconds

• About 40 seconds

In the Peterson and Peterson (1959) study, what was the purpose of counting backwards?

• To increase the duration of STM memory

• To prevent mental rehearsal of the consonant syllable

• To test mathematical skills

• To distract the participants

What was the average recall percentage after 18 seconds in the Peterson and Peterson study?

• 3%

• 6%

• 9%

• 12%