A&P Ch 6 Nervous System Test

What are the two primary divisions of the nervous system?

• Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system
• Cerebral nervous system and spinal nervous system
• Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
• Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)

What part of the nervous system controls voluntary muscle movements?

• Central nervous system
• Autonomic nervous system
• Peripheral nervous system
• Somatic nervous system

Which type of cell is the functional unit of the nervous system?

• Glial cell
• Epithelial cell
• Muscle cell
• Neuron

What is the primary function of oligodendrocytes?

• To transport nutrients to neurons.
• To generate electrical impulses in the brain.
• To support the growth of new neurons.
• The primary function of oligodendrocytes is to insulate axons by forming myelin sheaths.

Which cells form the blood-brain barrier?

• Endothelial cells of the brain's capillaries
• Red blood cells in the bloodstream
• Astrocytes

• Neurons in the brain

What is the role of the axon hillock?

• The axon hillock regulates the flow of Ca⁺ ions in the cell body inhibiting an action potential.

• The axon hillock initiates action potentials in neurons by opening Na⁺ channels.

• The axon hillock transmits neurotransmitters to other neurons.
• The axon hillock serves as a protective barrier for the neuron.

What is the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

• Approximately -50 mV (-20 to -65 mV)

• Approximately -90 mV

  (-50 to -105 mV)

• Approximately -70 mV (-60 to -95 mV)

• Approximately 200 mV

  (-150 to -245 mV)

What triggers depolarization in a neuron?

• Inhibition of calcium channels causing decreased calcium influx.
• Opening of sodium channels leading to influx of sodium ions.
• Opening of potassium channels leading to efflux of potassium ions.
• Activation of chloride channels resulting in hyperpolarization.

Which structure is responsible for balance and motor learning?

• Hippocampus

• Midbrain

• Thalamus
• Cerebellum

What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

• Regulates vital autonomic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration.
• Controls voluntary muscle movements.
• Processes visual and auditory information.
• Regulates digestive enzyme secretion.