Exploring Extreme Earth Events

What is the main cause of earthquakes?

• Volcanic eruptions

• Meteor impacts

• Human activities like mining

• The movement of tectonic plates along faults.

How does a tsunami form after an earthquake?

• A tsunami forms when the moon's gravitational pull affects the ocean.

• A tsunami forms when an earthquake displaces the ocean floor, creating waves that travel across the ocean.

• A tsunami occurs when a volcano erupts underwater.

• A tsunami is caused by strong winds creating large waves.

What is one major effect of a volcanic eruption?

• Increased agricultural productivity.

• Enhanced ocean biodiversity.

• Improved air quality.

• Air pollution and climate change effects.

What is the term for the point on the Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's origin?

• fault line

• epicenter

• seismic zone

• hypocenter

What happens to the ocean floor during a tsunami?

• Tsunamis only affect the surface of the ocean, not the floor.

• The ocean floor remains completely unchanged during a tsunami.

• The ocean floor rises significantly and creates new landforms.

• The ocean floor can undergo significant changes, including displacement, sediment movement, and alterations in topography.

What is the difference between a dormant and an active volcano?

• A dormant volcano is always safe; an active volcano is always dangerous.

• A dormant volcano has erupted in the past year; an active volcano has not erupted for centuries.

• A dormant volcano is inactive but may erupt again; an active volcano is currently erupting or has erupted recently.

• A dormant volcano is one that has never erupted; an active volcano is one that erupts frequently.

What can cause a tsunami besides an earthquake?

• Underwater volcanic eruptions, landslides, meteorite impacts.

• Tornadoes

• Droughts

• Floods

How can volcanic eruptions affect climate?

• Volcanic eruptions only affect the local environment and do not influence global climate.

• Volcanic eruptions always lead to global warming due to greenhouse gas emissions.

• Volcanic eruptions can lead to temporary cooling of the climate by releasing ash and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere.

• Volcanic eruptions have no impact on weather patterns or climate change.

What is the Richter scale used for?

• To measure the temperature of volcanoes.

• The Richter scale is used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes.

• To evaluate the strength of building materials.

• To assess the depth of ocean trenches.

What is the role of tectonic plates in causing earthquakes?

• Tectonic plates have no impact on seismic activity.

• Tectonic plates create earthquakes by generating volcanic eruptions.

• Earthquakes are caused by the movement of ocean currents.

• Tectonic plates cause earthquakes by moving and interacting at their boundaries, leading to stress buildup and eventual release of energy.