Structure and function of neuron

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

• Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

• Brain and Spinal Cord

• Afferent and Efferent Nerves

• Sensory and Motor Neurons

What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

• Neuron

• Glial Cell

• Axon

• Dendrite

What is the function of dendrites?

• Carry information to the cell body from other neurons

• Transmit messages to other neurons

• Insulate the axon

• Form the myelin sheath

What is the role of the myelin sheath?

• Insulates the axon and speeds up the neural impulse

• Transmits messages to other neurons

• Receives neural impulses from other neurons

• Connects sensory and motor neurons

What is a synapse?

• The chemical junction between the axon terminals of one neuron and the dendrites of the next

• A type of neuron

• A bundle of axons

• A group of neuronal cell bodies

What do glial cells do?

• Provide support for the nervous system

• Transmit neural impulses

• Form the myelin sheath

• Connect sensory and motor neurons

What is the function of sensory neurons?

• Transmit impulses received by receptors to the central nervous system

• Carry outgoing signals from the central nervous system to muscles

• Connect sensory and motor neurons

• Support the nervous system

What is a nerve?

• A bundle of elongated axons belonging to hundreds or thousands of neurons

• A type of neuron

• A group of neuronal cell bodies

• A chemical junction

What is the role of interneurons?

• Connect sensory and motor neurons

• Transmit impulses to the central nervous system

• Carry outgoing signals to muscles

• Support the nervous system

What happens when a neural impulse travels down the axon?

• It triggers the secretion of a neurotransmitter

• It carries information to the next neuron

• It integrates information from multiple neurons

• It forms a synapse