Gutenberg and the Reformation

Gutenberg is known for which development in Europe?

• movable type

• the telescope

• the tower of Pisa

• the pendulum

What was the first and most famous book Gutenberg printed?

• the Bible

• a sermon

• a biography

• a novel

In Luther’s time, what were indulgences?

• special prayers led by sinners on behalf of cardinals

• religious services that included music

• the removal or reduction of certain punishments for sin, linked to a particular act

• prayers that show regret for wrongdoing presented directly to a priest

According to Martin Luther, how was salvation achieved?

• as a result of indulgences

• through saying Mass

• by order of the pope

• through God’s forgiveness

Luther’s ideas about indulgences and other practices that he posted in Wittenberg were known as

• the Ninety-five Theses.

• the sacraments.

• the papal bull.

• the Diet of Worms.

What name was given to the followers of Luther and others who disagreed with Rome?

• Jesuits

• Cardinals

• Protestants

• Catholics

Which of the following best describes the Protestant Reformation?

• a) a widespread rejection of Christianity all across Europe

• b) a movement to reform the Church that led to the formation of new religious groups

• c) a conflict between Martin Luther and the pope over the power of the Church

• d) a revolution in the way scientists viewed Earth, the sun, and astronomy

On which of the following ideas did Zwingli and Luther agree?

• a) Only the pope should interpret the word of God.

• b) There was no place for music in church services.

• c) The Bible was the source for all teaching about the word of God.

• d) Earth revolved around the sun.

According to John Calvin, what is predestination?

• a) Only those chosen by God would be saved.

• b) Only people who prayed every day would be saved.

• c) Only people who were chosen by the clergy would be saved.

• d) Only people who did good works would be saved.

Ignatius of Loyola believed that

• a) people’s destinies were already chosen for them by God.

• b) the pope should be obeyed without question.

• c) the Church did not require any kind of reform.

• d) Earth revolved around the sun.