Skeletal System Functions and Structures

Which of the following cells are responsible for breaking down bone tissue?

•  Osteoclasts

• Osteoblasts

• Osteocytes

• Chondrocytes

Answer explanation

Osteoclasts are specialized cells that break down bone tissue, playing a crucial role in bone remodeling and repair.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

• Hormone production

• Protection

• Movement

• Mineral storage

Answer explanation

The skeletal system does not produce hormones. Its main functions include protection, movement, support, mineral storage, and blood cell production.

Which part of the skeleton includes the skull and vertebral column?

• Axial skeleton

• Appendicular skeleton

• Pectoral girdle

•  Pelvic girdle

Answer explanation

The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, forming the central support of the body.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the pelvic girdle in females?

• Wider than in males

• Narrower than in males

• Identical to males

• More flexible than in males

Answer explanation

The female pelvic girdle is typically wider than in males, an adaptation that facilitates childbirth.

Which type of ribs attach directly to the sternum?

• True ribs

• False Ribs

• Floating Ribs

• Costal ribs

Answer explanation

True ribs (also called sternal ribs) are the only ribs that attach directly to the sternum.

Which of the following is an example of a short bone?

• Wrist bones (carpals)

• Femur

• Sternum

• Vertebrae

Answer explanation

Wrist bones (carpals) are classified as short bones. They are roughly cube-shaped and allow for some movement while providing stability.

What is the term for the features on bones that allow for muscle attachment?

•  Bone markings

• Ossification centers

• ) Epiphyseal plates

• Haversian canals

Answer explanation

Bone markings refer to various features on bones, such as ridges, bumps, or depressions, that serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments.

Which process of bone formation occurs in flat bones?

•  Intramembranous ossification

• Endochondral ossification

• Appositional growth

• Interstitial growth

Answer explanation

: Intramembranous ossification is the process by which flat bones, such as those of the skull, form directly from connective tissue without a cartilage model.

What is the dense outer layer of bone called?

• Compact Bones

• Spongy Bone

• Periosteum

• Medullary cavity

Answer explanation

Compact bone forms the dense outer layer of bones, providing strength and protection.

In children, where does bone growth primarily occur?

• Epiphyseal plate

• Diaphysis

• Periosteum

• Medullary cavity

Answer explanation

The epiphyseal plate, also known as the growth plate, is the area where bone growth occurs in children and adolescents.