Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment

1. According to John Locke, which of the following are considered natural rights?

• a. Happiness, equality, justice
• b. Life, liberty, property
• c. Education, healthcare, freedom of speech
• d. Power, wealth, fame

3. Baron de Montesquieu believed in the idea of _____________.

• a. Separation of powers
• b. Freedom of speech
• c. Social contract theory
• d. Invisible Hand

4. According to Montesquieu, what is the purpose of separation of powers?

• a. To ensure government control
• b. To prevent any person or group from becoming too powerful
• c. To promote economic growth
• d. To protect individual rights

5. Montesquieu also emphasized the importance of _____________.

• a. Division of labor
• b. Checks and balances
• c. Free markets
• d. Equality of opportunity

6. Jean Jacques Rousseau believed in the concept of the _____________.

• a. Invisible Hand
• b. Social contract
• c. Tabula rasa
• d. Separation of powers

7. The "Social Contract" was explained as government is the contract between citizens and their rulers. Citizens give up some rights in exchange for government protection. Who was responsible for this idea?

• a. Mary Wollstonecraft

• b. Queen Elizabeth

• c. Rousseau

• d. Voltaire

8. Rousseau believed in the concept of the ______________.

• a. Invisible Hand

• b. Social Contract

• c. Tabula Rasa

• d. Separation of Powers

9. Voltaire strongly believed in _____________.

• a. Natural rights
• b. Freedom of speech
• c. Separation of powers
• d. Social contract theory

11. Voltaire also championed the idea of _____________.

• a. Checks and balances
• b. Religious freedom

• c. Free markets
• d. Division of labor

What did Mary Wollstonecraft advocate for during the Enlightenment?

• Freedom of speech

• Women's rights

• Religious tolerance

• Absolute monarchy