Biotechnology section 4.1 Key Words

Front

What is a nucleotide composed of?

Back

A nucleotide is made of a phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogen base.

Front

What sugar is found in DNA?

Back

Deoxyribose.

Front

What type of bond connects base pairs in DNA?

Back

Hydrogen bond.

Front

What does a gene contain?

Back

A gene is a section of DNA on a chromosome that contains genetic code/instructions for building a protein.

Front

How do the two strands of DNA run in relation to each other?

Back

The two sides are complementary and run in opposite directions.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.

Front

What is the role of DNA in living organisms?

Back

DNA stores genetic information and provides instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and is double-stranded, while RNA contains ribose sugar and is single-stranded.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA.

Front

What is transcription in the context of genetics?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.