CVS Shock

What is the earliest clinical sign of hypovolemic shock?

• Hypotension

• Tachycardia

• Cyanosis

• Altered level of consciousness

Which of the following types of shock is characterized by inadequate venous return to the heart due to mechanical obstruction?

• Hypovolemic shock

• Cardiogenic shock

• Obstructive shock

• Distributive shock

A patient presents with widespread vasodilation, warm peripheries, and bradycardia. What type of shock is this most consistent with?

• Septic shock

• Anaphylactic shock

• Cardiogenic shock

• Neurogenic shock

What is the most definitive management for a tension pneumothorax causing obstructive shock?

• Oxygen therapy

• Needle thoracocentesis

• Fluid resuscitation

• Pericardiocentesis

How much crystalloid fluid should be replaced for every 1 mL of blood loss?

• 1 mL

• 2 mL

• 3 mL

• 5 mL

What is the normal blood volume in a pediatric patient?

• 70 mL/kg

• 80 mL/kg

• 90 mL/kg

• 100 mL/kg

Which of the following conditions can lead to cardiogenic shock?

• Pulmonary embolism

• Acute myocardial infarction

• Spinal cord injury

• Anaphylaxis

In the classification of hypovolemic shock, at what percentage of blood loss does confusion and decreased systolic blood pressure typically occur?

• 0-15%

• 15-30%

• 30-40%

• >40%

What medication is commonly used in anaphylactic shock to address airway and cardiovascular symptoms?

• Atropine

• Adrenaline

• Dopamine

• Aspirin

Which type of shock involves fluid leakage from capillaries as a result of systemic infection?

• Cardiogenic shock

• Septic shock

• Neurogenic shock

• Obstructive shock