Second Quarter Exam in Earth Science

Which of the following best describes weathering?

• The process by which rocks are exposed to severe weather

• The process by which rocks are formed by heat and pressure

• The mechanical or chemical process by which rocks are broken down

• The process by which rocks are chemically strengthened due to exposure to heat and pressure

Weak organic acids are produced by the action of the growing roots of lichens. These acids react with some minerals in rocks resulting in the decomposition of rocks. How will you classify this process?

• Physical weathering

• Chemical weathering

• Biological weathering through physical means

• Biological weathering through chemical compounds

Which of these statements is NOT true about mechanical weathering?

• breaks rock material into smaller pieces

• changes the chemical composition of rocks

• strong winds carrying sand blows on the rocks

• beach rock gets hot in daytime and cools in the evening thus creating fracture on the rock

Which is an example of oxidation?

• Rust decomposes rocks completely with passage of time.

• Some of the minerals get dissolved in water.

• The joints enlarge in size and lime is removed in the solution.

• Due to the absorption of water by rocks, its volume increases.

Which is NOT included in the group?

• carbonation

• abrasion

• acidification

• hydration

Which of the following is NOT an example of physical weathering?

• Freeze- thaw

• Wind blowing sand onto a rock

• Plant that grows on the cracks of the rocks

• Abrasion due to the movement of glaciers

In hydration, water is an active agent of chemical weathering. What happens when water loosely combines with the minerals of the rock?

• cements them together

• converts the mineral into another kind

• transports the rock into a lower altitude

• weakens the molecular binding of the minerals

What are the two things that affect the rate of weathering?

• time and date

• rain and ice

• type of rock and climate

• size of rock and time of the year

What happened to the pressure inside the Earth as you go deeper?

• The pressure decreases as you descend to the interior of the earth.

• The pressure increases as you descend to the interior of the earth.

• The pressure is the same all throughout.

• The pressure is unstable and is affected by gravity.

How do naturally occurring isotopes play a vital role in the production of earth’s internal heat?

• Due to chemical stability.

• Due to its abundance and emission of heat when it decays.

• Due to its high energy capacity.

• Due to the heat it releases as it is subjected to low temperature.