Biology Keystone Review Module 1

Plant cells use sunlight to make their own food. Which structure allows plant cells to perform this function?

• A. nucleus

• B. vacuole

• C. chloroplast

• D. mitochondrion

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Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two major processes of carbon cycling in living organisms. Which statement correctly describes one similarity between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• Both occur in animal and plant cells.

• Both include reactions that transform energy.

• Both convert light energy into chemical energy.

• Both synthesize organic molecules as end products.

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A macromolecule that contains atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio and serves as a major source of energy for living organisms (e.g., sugars, starches, and cellulose).

• Lipid

• Carbohydrate

• Protein

• Nucleic Acid

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The intermolecular attraction between like molecules. Surface tension results from the cohesive properties of water.

• Cohesion

• Adhesion

• Specific Heat

A molecule containing carbon that is part of or produced by living systems.

• inorganic molecule

• organic molecule

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A group of organic compounds composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen including a proportionately smaller amount of oxygen; are insoluble in water, serve as a source of stored energy, and are a component of cell membranes.

• Nucleic Acids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

A biological macromolecule (DNA or RNA) composed of the elements C, H, N, O, and P that carries genetic information.

• nucleic acid

• protein

• carbohydrate

• lipid

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The intermolecular attraction between unlike molecules. Capillary action results from the Adhesive properties of water and the molecules that make up plant cells.

• Adhesion

• Cohesion

• Surface Tension

• Specific Heat

A protein that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed by the reaction; an organic catalyst.

• carbohydrate

• enzyme

• lipid

• nucleic acid

The diagram shows a reaction that forms a polymer from two monomers. What is this type of reaction called?

• glycolysis

• hydrolysis

• photosynthesis

• dehydration synthesis

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