Understanding Reliability and Validity

What does reliability refer to in research methods?

• The accuracy of a measurement

• The consistency of a measurement

• The generalisability of a study

• The manipulation of variables

Which type of validity is concerned with whether a test appears to measure what it is supposed to measure on the surface?

• Construct validity

• Face validity

• Concurrent validity

• Internal validity

If a scale consistently reads 65 kg when you actually weigh 70 kg, what can be said about the scale?

• It is valid but not reliable

• It is reliable but not valid

• It is both valid and reliable

• It is neither valid nor reliable

What type of reliability is assessed when two researchers observe the same event and compare their results?

• Test-retest reliability

• Internal reliability

• Inter-observer reliability

• External reliability

Which type of validity is concerned with whether the results of a study can be generalised beyond the research setting?

• Internal validity

• Construct validity

• External validity

• Temporal validity

What is the main concern when a researcher does not account for confounding variables in a study?

• Reliability

• Validity

• Generalisability

• Consistency

Which type of reliability refers to the consistency of a measurement tool within itself?

• Internal reliability

• External reliability

• Test-retest reliability

• Inter-observer reliability

What type of validity is assessed by comparing a new measure with an established, valid measure?

• Face validity

• Concurrent validity

• Construct validity

• Ecological validity

A student scores similarly on a test each month. What does this indicate about the test?

• It has high face validity

• It has high internal validity

• It has high reliability

• It has high construct validity

Which type of validity is concerned with whether the results of a study are due to the manipulation of the independent variable rather than other factors?

• Internal validity

• External validity

• Face validity

• Construct validity