IZZ 8-3

a large farming estate

• Julius Caesar

• triumvirate

• Cicero

• latifundia

• Actium

Answer explanation

The term 'latifundia' refers to large farming estates in ancient Rome, typically worked by slaves. This distinguishes it from the other options, which do not specifically denote large agricultural properties.

the battle in which Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra

• Julius Caesar

• triumvirate

• Cicero

• latifundia

• Actium

Answer explanation

The battle in which Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra is known as the Battle of Actium. This decisive naval confrontation in 31 BC marked the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of Octavian as the first Roman Emperor.

Rome’s greatest public speaker

• Julius Caesar

• triumvirate

• Cicero

• latifundia

• Actium

Answer explanation

Cicero is widely regarded as Rome's greatest public speaker due to his eloquence and mastery of rhetoric. His speeches and writings significantly influenced Roman politics and philosophy, distinguishing him from other figures like Julius Caesar.

a political alliance of three people

• Julius Caesar

• triumvirate

• Cicero

• latifundia

• Actium

Answer explanation

A political alliance of three people is known as a 'triumvirate'. This term specifically refers to such a coalition, distinguishing it from other historical figures and concepts listed in the answer choices.

military hero and Rome’s most famous leader

• Julius Caesar

• triumvirate

• Cicero

• latifundia

• Actium

Answer explanation

Julius Caesar is recognized as a military hero and one of Rome's most famous leaders due to his pivotal role in the expansion of the Roman Republic and his influence on Roman history.

Two prominent brothers, , worked to bring reforms to the early Republic.

• Marius and Sulla

• Tiberius and Gaius

• Pompey and Crassus

• Antony and Marcus

Answer explanation

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus were brothers who sought to implement land reforms and address social inequalities in the early Roman Republic, making them the prominent figures associated with reform efforts during that time.

Julius Caesar was seen as a __________ by Rome’s lower classes

• leader

• priest

• hero

• landowner

Answer explanation

Julius Caesar was seen as a hero by Rome's lower classes due to his military successes and reforms that benefited them, contrasting with the elite's interests. This admiration solidified his image as a champion of the common people.

The __________ is a reform of Julius Caesar’s that affects us today.

• public jobs program

• military-run government

• end of slave labor

• 12-month calendar

Answer explanation

The 12-month calendar, introduced by Julius Caesar, is a significant reform that still influences how we measure time today, making it the correct answer. Other options do not have the same lasting impact.

The members of Rome’s Second Triumvirate were Lepidus, Antony, and

• Octavian

• Cleopatra

• Cicero

• Augustus

Answer explanation

The members of Rome's Second Triumvirate were Lepidus, Antony, and Octavian. Octavian, later known as Augustus, was a key figure in the power struggle following Julius Caesar's assassination.

The great public speaker Cicero called for a representative government with limited powers and was against

• citizenship rights

• dictators

• republican government

• the Greeks

Answer explanation

Cicero advocated for a government with limited powers to prevent tyranny. He opposed dictators, as they concentrate power and undermine the principles of a representative government.