Biology Review: Homeostasis, Energy, & Proteins

The Sun transfers heat to Jane and Theo’s bodies as they sit on the sunny bench, increasing their body temperature. Which of the following responses by their bodies would help decrease their temperature and maintain homeostasis?

• A. Vasodilation and sweating; their skin will turn red as blood is moved to the surface of the skin and water released from their skin will evaporate

• B. Goosebumps; the muscles under the hair in their skin will contract.

• C. Vasoconstriction; their extremities will turn pale or blue as blood moves to the core of the body.

• D. Sweating and shivering; the water released from their skin will evaporate and their muscles will begin moving quickly.

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Select why temperature regulation in the body is an example of a feedback mechanism (negative or positive - select the correct response).

• When temperature varies from its normal set-point, the hypothalamus amplifies the imbalance by initiating a response through a positive feedback mechanism.

• When temperature varies from its normal set-point, the hypothalamus reverses the imbalance by initiating a response through a negative feedback mechanism.

• When temperature varies from its normal set-point, the hypothalamus amplifies the imbalance by initiating a response through a positive feedback mechanism.

• When temperature varies from its normal set-point, the hypothalamus furthers the imbalance by initiating a response through a negative feedback mechanism.

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Using information from Figure 2, select the correct statement about how Jane's and Theo's bodies reacted when they stood in the cold room.

• A. The initial stimulus Jane and Theo experienced in the first five minutes in the cold room was an increase in body temperature. This was the result of the body moving towards homeostasis. Their bodies responded by lowering their body temperature.

• B. The initial stimulus Jane and Theo experienced in the first five minutes in the cold room was an increase in body temperature. This was the result of the body moving away from homeostasis. Their bodies responded by lowering their body temperature.

• C. The initial stimulus Jane and Theo experienced in the first five minutes in the cold room was a decrease in body temperature. This was the result of the body moving away from homeostasis. Their bodies responded by lowering their body temperature.

• D. The initial stimulus Jane and Theo experienced in the first five minutes in the cold room was a decrease in body temperature. This was the result of the body moving towards homeostasis. Their bodies responded by raising their body temperature.

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What is the role of a receptor in helping an organism maintain homeostasis? Choose the correct answer.

• A. It receives the messages sent by the control center.

• B. It carries out a response to restore internal conditions.

• C. It detects stimuli and sends information to the control center.

• D. It compares current conditions with ideal values for those conditions.

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Which of these does homeostasis most directly relate to? Choose the correct answer.

• A. Stability

• B. Evolution

• C. Scale and structure

• D. Interacting systems

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The body works to maintain homeostasis in response to what conditions? Choose the correct answer.

• A. Tissue and cell formation

• B. Production of key vitamins

• C. Internal and external changes

• D. Cell differentiation and determination

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The body’s internal environment must stay (a)   . Choose the correct answer.

• Exactly the same at all times

• The same as its external environment

• Within normal ranges that support human life

• Away from sudden outside temperature changes

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Which of these is a long-term effect of a disruption of homeostasis? Choose the correct answer.

• Destruction of organ systems

• The immune systems taking control regulation of the internal environment

• Establishment of feedback mechanisms

• Regulation of the internal environment

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Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

• Blood sugar regulation

• Childbirth

• Body temperature regulation

• Osmoregulation

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Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?

• Body temperature regulation

• Breastfeeding

• Blood clotting

• Childbirth

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