Env Sci 3T2 (in progress)

Which of the following is a major benefit of mangrove swamps?

• decreased biodiversity

• protect the coastline from erosion from storms

• use as a food source for organisms

• provide a livelihood for local communities

The use of nitrogen-based fertilizers in the Midwestern United States is a major contributing factor to which of the following?

• Water shortages in communities near the Great Lakes in Chicago

• Eutrophication and low oxygen levels in the Gulf of Mexico

• Spread of the West Nile virus in Arizona

• Soil erosion in Texas

The release of a large amount of sewage and other organic wastes into a river would likely result in a sharp...

• increase in the available oxygen needed for fish due to an algae bloom

• increase in the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water

• increase in the population size of fish that require high levels of oxygen

• decrease in bacteria populations

Coral reefs can be chemically impacted by human effects such as….

• increased invasive species.

• overfishing.

• increased toxins from sunscreens, pesticides, & metals.

• increased damage from boats.

Excess fertilizer and algae bloom cause the oxygen levels in ponds and streams to decrease. This drop in oxygen is due to more organisms using the oxygen in the water. This is called biological oxygen demand. The graph shows how biological oxygen demand (BOD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration change over the length of a stream. Points A – D indicate different locations within the stream. At which of the following locations in the stream was there most likely a large deposit of fertilizer into the water?

• Option A

• Option B

• Option C

• Option D

A beach community was recently negatively affected by a hurricane. Community leaders are looking for a potential solution to prevent damage from future hurricanes. Below is a list of their concerns as well as how important each issue is to the community. Which of the following solutions would best fix the issues of greatest concern in the community?

• Construction of a concrete wall

• Planting mangrove forests

• Construction of an offshore oil rig

• Adding large sand dunes with no grass

Which of the following best describes a supporting ecological service provided by wetlands?

• Wetlands serve as a source of inspiration for art and literature.

• Wetlands provide opportunities for ecotourism, which provides revenue to the local economy.

• Wetlands provide a habitat for a wide variety of organisms.

A local citizen science group is monitoring the water quality of a nearby lake. They gather water samples once a week on Wednesday between the hours of 7 A.M. and 9 A.M. from the same location. One day in August they were unable to sample within that time frame and collected the sample at 3 P.M. How might this difference in sample collection time affect the results?

• Water sampled later in the day may be warmer and therefore have lower dissolved oxygen levels.

• Water sampled later in the day may have increased insect respiration and therefore higher dissolved oxygen levels.

• There would be no difference

Which of the following describes an estuary in an aquatic ecosystem?

• It is the surface of the water.

• It is where salt water and fresh water meet.

• It is near the shore.

• It is the very bottom.

In aquatic ecosystems, photosynthesis cannot occur in the _______________ zone.