Protein Synthesis

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is responsible for copying the DNA sequence and transporting it from the nucleus to the ribosome, where protein synthesis occurs.

Front

Define codon.

Back

A codon is a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template.

Front

Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell?

Back

Protein synthesis occurs in the ribosome.

Front

What is the flow of genetic information in a cell?

Back

The flow of genetic information is DNA -> RNA -> Protein.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the codons in mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of creating mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA into a polypeptide chain.

Front

What is an amino acid?

Back

An amino acid is a building block of proteins, and there are 20 different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form proteins.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of protein synthesis and codes for the amino acid methionine.