Cultural Diversity and Conformity Revision

What is the main idea of the section on cultural diversity?

• All cultures are identical.

• Cultural variations do not exist.

• Cultures change over time.

• Language is the only cultural element.

How many languages are spoken globally?

• About 1,000

• Only 500

• Over 10,000

• Up to 7,000

What are cultural universals?

• Practices that are outdated.

• Elements that only exist in Western cultures.

• Features common to all cultures.

• Unique traits of a single culture.

Who identified cultural universals in the 1940s?

• William Ogburn

• George Murdock

• Edwin Sutherland

• Marvin Harris

Which of the following is NOT an example of a cultural universal?

• Cooking

• Music

• Body adornment

• Fashion trends

What is a subculture?

• A culture that rejects all societal norms.

• A group within a society sharing unique cultural practices.

• A culture that is dominant in society.

• A culture that has no variations.

Which of the following is an example of a counterculture?

• Hippie movement of the 1960s

• Cultural universals

• Youth subcultures

• Subcultures based on age

What does ethnocentrism refer to?

• The belief that all cultures are equal.

• The rejection of cultural diversity.

• The tendency to view one's own culture as superior.

• The acceptance of all cultural practices.

What is cultural relativism?

• Judging cultures by one's own standards.

• The idea that all cultures are the same.

• Belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards.

• A method of cultural diffusion.

What is cultural diffusion?

• The invention of new cultural elements.

• The process of cultures becoming alike.

• The rejection of cultural practices.

• The spreading of cultural traits from one society to another.