An atom is electrically neutral because

• neutrons balance the protons and electrons.

• nuclear forces stabilize the charges.

• the numbers of protons and electrons are equal.

• the numbers of protons and neutrons are equal.

Elements to the right side of the periodic table have properties most associated with

• gases.

• nonmetals.

• metals.

• metalloids.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

The most characteristic property of the noble gases is that they

• have low boiling points.

• are radioactive.

• are gases at ordinary temperatures.

• are largely unreactive.

A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound is called

• electron affinity.

• electron configuration.

• electronegativity.

• ionization potential.

The element that has the greatest electronegativity is

• oxygen.

• chlorine.

• sodium.

• fluorine.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-2

The electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared when atoms form compounds are called

• ions.

• valence electrons.

• d electrons.

• electron clouds.

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The number of valence electrons in Group 1 elements is

• 1.

• 2.

• 8.

• equal to the period number.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

The electrons involved in the formation of a chemical bond are called

• dipoles.

• s electrons.

• Lewis electrons.

• valence electrons.

What group of elements satisfies the octet rule without forming compounds?

• halogen

• noble gas

• alkali metal

• alkaline-earth metal

What is the formula for the compound formed by calcium ions and chloride ions?

• CaCl

• CaCl3

• Ca2Cl

• CaCl2

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1