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What is Non-Mendelian Inheritance?

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Non-Mendelian inheritance refers to patterns of inheritance that do not follow Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment. It includes mechanisms such as incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles, and polygenic inheritance.

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What is Incomplete Dominance?

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Incomplete dominance is a type of inheritance where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes. For example, a red flower (RR) and a white flower (WW) may produce pink flowers (RW).

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What is Codominance?

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Codominance is a type of inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits. An example is AB blood type, where both A and B alleles are expressed.

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What are Multiple Alleles?

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Multiple alleles refer to the presence of more than two alleles for a genetic trait. An example is the ABO blood group system, which has three alleles: IA, IB, and i.

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What is Polygenic Inheritance?

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Polygenic inheritance is a type of inheritance where multiple genes influence a single trait, resulting in a continuous range of phenotypes. Examples include height, skin color, and eye color.

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What does it mean to be a carrier of a trait?

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A carrier is an individual who has one copy of a recessive allele for a trait but does not exhibit the trait themselves. Carriers can pass the recessive allele to their offspring.

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In a pedigree, what shape represents a female?

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In a pedigree chart, a circle represents a female.

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In a pedigree, what shape represents a male?

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In a pedigree chart, a square represents a male.

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What is the genotype of an individual with a recessive disorder?

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The genotype of an individual with a recessive disorder must be homozygous recessive (hh).

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What is the significance of a pedigree chart?

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A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors, helping to trace the inheritance of traits.