12/6/24 Warm UP

The table shows the relationships of some organisms that live in a Virginia deciduous forest habitat. Based on the data in the table, which food chain depicts a correct flow of energy through the habitat?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

A large part of the United States is covered in grasses. Together these areas cover the grassland biome. There are multiple levels of organization that help form a biome. One of these levels is a community.

Which example best represents a community in a grasslands biome?

• A cottontail rabbit interacting with other cottontail rabbits in the biome?

• All different kinds of plants, animals, and microorganisms in the biome interacting with each other

• A single switchgrass plant growing in the biome.

• All the plants and animals in the biome using air and water to survive

Nitrogen is an essential component of all living things. However, atmospheric nitrogen is unavailable for organisms to use. Through various processes and chemical changes, nitrogen moves through the biosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere in different forms, making it available for all organisms. Atmospheric nitrogen is deposited in the soil and surface waters primarily through precipitation. Once in the soil, microorganisms break down the nitrogen into different forms, which is taken up by plants. Nitrogen eventually makes its way back into the atmosphere.

What would happen to the nitrogen cycle if a bactericide, a substance that kills bacteria, was added to the soil?

• The rate at which nitrogen is broken down would increase, resulting in faster assimilation by plants.

• Microorganisms would not be present to break down the nitrogen into a usable form for plants.

• More nutrients would be added to the soil, increasing the amount of nitrogen available to plants.

• Nitrogen would be blocked from entering the soil, making it unavailable for plants to use.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A student is drawing an energy pyramid. Examine the diagram and answer these questions:

1. 1. What is the original source of all energy for the energy pyramid?

2. 2. How does the amount of energy available at each level of the pyramid change from the bottom to the top?

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Since the 1900s, sea surface temperatures over the Great Barrier Reef have been gradually increasing. These rising ocean temperatures have caused coral bleaching. Coral bleaching occurs when corals lose the symbiotic algae that give them their coloring and are their main sources of energy. Severely bleached corals usually develop disease and eventually die.

How might coral bleaching affect ecosystem stability in the Great Barrier Reef?

• Species that depend on the coral for protection and food will decline.

• Predators will adapt and find alternative food sources.

• Genetic and species diversity will increase.

• Vulnerable species will migrate to environments with healthy corals

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A student makes a model of an energy pyramid by stacking cups as shown. The producers are represented by the bottom level of four cups.

How much energy will be obtained at the top of this energy pyramid if the cups representing the primary consumers have 37,000 kilojoules (kJ) of energy?

• 37,000 kJ

• 3,700 kJ

• 370 kJ

• 3.7 kJ

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Wolves are important predators in some ecosystems. If wolves are removed from their environment, the ecosystem is in danger of becoming unstable due to

• a reduction of autotrophs when the number of herbivores is not being kept in check by the wolves

• a decrease in the number of herbivores because they will not be able to reach carrying capacity

• an increase in the biodiversity of the remaining animal and plant species

• some species of herbivores taking over the niche the wolves occupied

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Which statement best explains how deforestation that is the result of forest fires can contribute to global warming?

• Burning the trees adds smoke to the atmosphere and blocks sunlight.

• Burning the trees adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

• Deforestation removes trees that produce carbon dioxide through the process of photosynthesis.

• Deforestation immediately increases ecosystem stability needed in the burned area

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-2

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

The American Museum of Natural History has an exhibit called the Ecosystem Sphere. It is a huge glass globe that was assembled in 1999. Populations of algae, bacteria, and little shrimp were sealed with water and air inside. The Ecosystem Sphere is kept in a well-lit area.

Although the sphere has never been opened, groups of each kind of organism are still alive inside it. The most likely reason for this is because the populations have

• remained in separate areas of the sphere and do not interact

• adapted so that they do not require food

• a constant source of energy because they cannot recycle gases and materials

• a constant source of energy and recycle gases and materials

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

An ecologist is studying the biodiversity of beetle species in four different habitats. She counted the number of individuals of each species she observed in each habitat. The results are shown in the data table below.

Which of these habitats displays the most biodiversity of beetle species?

• Habitat W

• Habitat X

• Habitat Y

• Habitat Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4