General Psychology_sec 12

What is the primary concept behind classical conditioning?

• Learning occurs through rewards and punishments.

• Learning occurs through association between stimuli.

• Learning occurs by observing others' behaviors.

• Learning occurs through trial and error.

In classical conditioning, the unconditioned response (UCR) is:

• A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.

• An automatic response to an unconditioned stimulus.

• A reaction that does not occur without training.

• A voluntary behavior chosen by the subject.

What is the neutral stimulus (NS) in classical conditioning?

• A stimulus that naturally triggers a response.

• A stimulus that has no effect before conditioning.

• A stimulus paired with a behavior to elicit a response.

• A stimulus that becomes associated with a response over time.

In Pavlov's experiments with dogs, what was the conditioned stimulus (CS)?

• The sound of the bell

• The presentation of food

• The salivation response

• The presence of the experimenter

What happens during extinction in classical conditioning?

• The conditioned response (CR) strengthens over time.

• he conditioned stimulus (CS) is presented without the unconditioned stimulus (UCS), leading to the disappearance of the conditioned response (CR).

• The conditioned response (CR) reappears after a pause.

• The subject generalizes the response to similar stimuli.

You have a friend who inhales noisily when standing next to you and then puffs air into your eye. You find that you now blink when you hear your friend inhale. Identify and describe the neutral stimulus, the UCS, UCR, CS, and CR in your behavior.